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1st Sem Midterms (IV) > CCN > Flashcards

CCN Flashcards

1
Q

A patient is presenting with chronic obstructive pulimonary disease. The patient has a chronic productive cough with dyspnea on excretion. Arterial blood gases show a low oxygen level and high carbon dioxide level in the blood On assessment, the patient has
cyanosis in the lips and edema in the abdomen and legs. Based on your nursing knowledge and the patient’s symptoms, you suspect the patient suffers from what type of COPD?

Emphysema
Pneumonia
Chronic bronchitis
Pneumothorax

A

Chronic bronchitis

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2
Q

A female client is scheduled to have a chest radiograph. Which of the following questions is of most importance to the nurse assessing this client?

A. “Is there any possibility that you could be pregnant?”
B. “Are you wearing any metal chains or jewelry?
C. “Can you hold your breath easily?”
D. “Are you able to hold your arms above your head?”

A

A. “Is there any possibility that you could be pregnant?”

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3
Q

Long-term exposure to which of the following can increase the risk for COPD?

Airborne chemicals
Pollutants
Lung irritants
All of the above

A

All of the above

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4
Q

A nurse is assessing a client with chronic airflow limitation and notes that the client has a “barrel chest.” The nurse interprets that this client has which of the following forms of chronic airflow limitation?

Chronic obstructive bronchitis
Emphysema
Bronchial asthma
Bronchial asthma and bronchitis

A

Emphysema

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5
Q

Which of the following are characteristics of pulmonary
emphysema? Select All That Apply

A. decreased surface area of alveoli
B. chronic thickening of bronchial walls
C. hypercapnia
D. arterial blood gases (ABGs) show chronic respiratory acidosis
E. increased eosinophils

A

A. decreased surface area of alveoli
C. hypercapnia
D. arterial blood gases (ABGs) show chronic respiratory acidosis

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6
Q

Aminophyline (theophylline) is prescribed for a client with acute bronchitis _ A nurse administers the medication , knowing that the primary action of this medication is to

Promote expectoration,
Suppress the cough
Relax smooth muscles of the bronchial airway
Prevent infection

A

Relax smooth muscles of the bronchial airway

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7
Q

A patient is newly diagnosed with COPD due to chronic bronchitis. You’re providing education to the patient about this disease process. Which statement by the patient indicates they understood
your teaching about this condition?

A. “If I stop.smoking, it will cure my

B. “Complications from this condition can lead to pulmonary hypertension and right-sided heart failure”

C. “I’m at risk for low levels of red blood cells due to hypoxia and may require blood transfusions during acute illnesses

D. “My respiratory system is stimulated to breathe due to high carbon dioxide levels rather than low oxygen levels”

A

B. “Complications from this condition can lead to pulmonary
hypertension and right-sided heart failure”

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8
Q

How is COPD treated?

Bronchodilators
Inhaled corticosteroids
Supplemental oxygen
All of the above

A

All of the above

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9
Q

People in what age group are most ikely to say they have symptoms of COPD?

15 to 24
25 to 34
35 to 39
40 and older

A

40 and older

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10
Q

Which of the following diseases IS included in the umbrella term
COPD?

Emphysema
Chronic bronchitis
Lung cancer
Aand B

A

Emphysema
Chronic bronchitis

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11
Q

Which of the following symptoms do COPD sufferers often experience?

Shortness of breath
A chronic cough that produces phiegm
Lack of energy
All of the above

A

All of the above

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12
Q

Which of the following can help improve your health if you have COPD?

Not smoking
Exercising regularly
Drinking alcohol
Aand B

A

Not smoking
Exercising regularly

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13
Q

This enzymes help in protecting the lungs.

Protease
Endothelial Cells and Membrane
Elastase
Alpha-1-Antitrypsin

A

Alpha-1-Antitrypsin

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14
Q

A patient with emphysema may present with all of the following symptoms EXCEPT?

Barrel chest
Hyperinflation of the lungs
Hypoventilation
Hypercapnia

A

Hypoventilation

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15
Q

When performing an assessment on the client with emphysema, the nurse finds that the client has a barrel chest The alteration in the client’s chest is due to

Collapse of distal alveoli
Hyperinflation of the lungs
Long-ter chronic hypoxia
Use of accessory muscles

A

Hyperinflation of the lungs

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16
Q

A client appears dyspneic, but the oxygen saturation is 97%. What action by the nurse is best?

Assess for other manifeastations of hypoxia
Change the sensor on the pulse oximeter.
Obtain a new oximeter from central supply
Tell the client to take slow, deep breaths

A

Assess for other manifeastations of hypoxia

17
Q

The nurse assesses a patient for a possible pulmonary embolism. The nurse looks for the most frequent sign of:

Cough
Hemoptysis
Syncope
Tachypnea

A

Tachypnea

18
Q

Asymptomatic, SOB, chest discomfortis a clinical presentation
of?

Small PE
Medium PE
Massive PE
Severe PE

A

Small PE

19
Q

ICU related Pulmonary embolism includes: (SATA)

Immobility
Neuromuscular paralysis (drug-induced)
Central venous catheters
Severe sepsis
Acute Bronchitis
Status asthmaticus

A

Immobility
Neuromuscular paralysis (drug-induced)
Central venous catheters
Severe sepsis

20
Q

A client is admitted with a pulmonary embolism (PE). The chient is young, healthy, and active and has no known risk factors for PE. What action by the nurse is most appropriate?

A. Encourage the client to walk 5 minutes each hour
B. Refor the client to smoking cessation classes.
C. Teach the client about factor V Leiden testing
D. Tell the client that sometimes no cause for disease is found,

A

C. Teach the client about factor V Leiden testing

21
Q

The following are diagnostic tests for a patient with pulmonary embolism except

Chest x-ray
ECG
ABG analysis
Pulmonary function tests

A

Pulmonary function test

22
Q

The Virchow’s Triad is consist of 3 factors that results to Thrombosis and this are?

A. Circulatory Stasis, Endothelial Injury, Hypercoagulable State

B. Circulatory Stasis, Increased Endothelial permeability, Hypercoagulable State

C. Circulatory Overload, Endothelial Injury, Hypocoagulable State

D. Circulatory Stasis, Endothelial Injury, Hypocoagulable State

A

A. Circulatory Stasis, Endothelial Injury, Hypercoagulable State

23
Q

Puimonary embolism is caused by?

A. from DVTs that have broken off and ravelled to the pulmonary arterial circulation
B. From complication of Heart Attack
C. From overdosing of medication
D. All of the above

A

A. from DVTs that have broken off and ravelled to the pulmonary
arterial circulation

24
Q

A client has a pulmonary embolism and is started on oxygen. The student nurse asks why the clients oxygen saturation has not significantly improved. What response by the nurse is best?

A. Breathing so rapidly interferes with oxygenation

B. Maybe the client has respiratory distress syndrome

C. The blood clot interferes with perfusion in the lungs

D. The client needs immediate intubation and mechanical ventilation

A

C. The blood clot interferes with perfusion in the lungs

25
Q

Which of the following is a type of embolism?

Travelling emboli.
Fat emboli.
Burn emboli.
Diabetic emboli.

A

Fat emboli.

26
Q

Right ventricular failure

Chest x-ray
Cardiogenic shock
Septic shock
Both A and B

A

Chest x-ray
Cardiogenic shock

27
Q

The Virchow’s Triad is consist of 3 factors that results to Thrombosis and this are?

A. Circulatory Stasis, Endothelial Injury, Hypercoagulable State

B. Circulatory Stasis, Increased Endothelial permeability, Hypercoagulable State

C. Circulatory Overload, Endothelial Injury, Hypocoagulable State

D. Circulatory Stasis, Endothelial Injury, Hypocoagulable State

A

A. Circulatory Stasis, Endothelial Injury, Hypercoagulable State

28
Q

A client is on intravenous heparin to treat a pulmonary embolism. The clients most recent partial thromboplastin time (PTT) was 25 seconds. What order should the nurse anticipate?

Decrease the heparin rate
Increase the heparin rate
No change to the heparin rate
Stop heparin; start warfarin (Coumadin).

A

Increase the heparin rate

29
Q

A nurse answers a call light and finds a client anxious, short of breath, reporting chest pain, and having a blood pressure of 88/52 mmHg on the cardiac monitor. What action by the nurse takes priority?

Assess the cients lung sounds
Notify the Rapid Response Team
Provide reassurance to the client
Take a fullset of vital signs

A

Notify the Rapid Response Team

30
Q

Death, Shock, Severe central chest pain, Syncope, Pallor, Sweating, Central cyanosis, Elevated JVP, Loud P2, S2 split, galop rhythm, is a clinical presentation of?

Small PE
Medium PE
Massive PE
Severe PE

A

Massive PE

31
Q

Death, Shock, Severe central chest pain, Syncope, Pallor, Sweating, Central cyanosis, Elevated JVP, Loud P2, S2 split, galop rhythm, is a clinical presentation of?

Small PE
Medium PE
Massive PE
Severe PE

A

Massive PE

1st Sem Midterms (IV) (7 decks)

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