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CCIE > CCIE R&S > Flashcards

CCIE R&S Flashcards

1
Q

Ethernet T568A Wiring

A
  1. White/Green
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9
Q

Ethernet 568B Wiring

A
  1. White/Orange
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18
Q

disable Ethernet auto-negotiation?

A

speed and duplex

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23
Q

d. LLC Control

A

B and C

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24
Q

Which standard defines a Fast Ethernet standard?

A

IEEE 802.3u

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31
Q

d. Multicasts

A

A, B, D

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36
Q

d. Source port configured as a trunk

A

C

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44
Q

e. Only three SPAN sessions may be configured on one switch.

A

C

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45
Q

Which pins are connected on a cross-over cable?

A

1 and 3; 2 and 6

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46
Q

How do switches dynamically detect the speed setting on a particular Ethernet segment?

A

Fast Link Pulses (FLP)

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47
Q

Define CSMA/CD

A

Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection.

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49
Q

Define a collision domain.

A

A set of devices that can send frames that collide with frames sent by another device in that same set of devices.

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50
Q

Define Ethernet Field Preamble (DIX)

A

Provides synchronization and signal transitions to allow proper clocking of the transmitted signal. Consists of 62 alternating 1s and 0s, and ends with a pair of 1s.

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51
Q

Define Ethernet Field Preamble and Start of Frame Delimiter (802.3)

A

Same purpose and binary value as DIX preamble; 802.3 simply renames the 8-byte DIX preamble as a 7-byte preamble and a 1-byte Start of Frame Delimiter (SFD).

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53
Q

Define Ethernet Field Type (or Protocol Type) (DIX)

A

2-byte field that identifies the type of protocol or protocol header that follows the header. Allows the receiver of the frame to know how to process a received frame.

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54
Q

Define Ethernet Field Destination Service Access Point (802.2)

A

DSAP; 1-byte protocol type field. The size limitations, along with other uses of the low-order bits, required the later addition of SNAP headers.

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55
Q

Define Ethernet Field Source Service Access Point (802.2)

A

SSAP; 1-byte protocol type field that describes the upper-layer protocol that created the frame.

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56
Q

Define Ethernet Field Control (802.2)

A

1- or 2-byte field that provides mechanisms for both connectionless and connection-oriented operation. Generally used only for connectionless operation by modern protocols, with a 1-byte value of 0x03.

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57
Q

Define Ethernet Field Organizationally Unique Identifier (SNAP)

A

OUI; 3-byte field, generally unused today, providing a place for the sender of the frame to code the OUI representing the manufacturer of the Ethernet NIC.

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58
Q

Define Ethernet Field Type (SNAP)

A

2-byte Type field, using same values as the DIX Type field, overcoming deficiencies with size and use of the DSAP field.

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59
Q

What is the meaning of the Individual/Group bit?

A

Bit 8 in the 1st byte of the MAC address. Binary 0 means the address is a unicast; Binary 1 means the address is a multicast or broadcast.

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60
Q

What is the meaning of the Universal/Local bit?

A

Bit 7 in the 1st byte of the MAC address. Binary 0 means the address is vendor assigned; Binary 1 means the address has been administratively assigned, overriding the vendor-assigned address.

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61
Q

List the LAN Switch Forwarding behaviors for types of addresses

A

Known unicast: Forwards frame out the single interface associated with the destination address

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66
Q

Define SPAN and RSPAN

A

Switch Port Analyzer and Remote Switch Port Analyzer. SPAN and RSPAN mirrors received or transmitted (or both) traffic on a source port and received traffic on one or more source ports or source VLANs, to a destination port for analysis.

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67
Q

What are the restricions of SPAN and RSPAN?

A

NAME?

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72
Q

What are the restricions of SPAN/RSPAN traffic types?

A
  • For Rx SPAN, each frame to be transported across a SPAN connection is copied and sent before any modification (VACL or ACL, QoS, etc
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75
Q

Identify the commands used to configure SPAN

A

monitor session source interface [rx | tx]

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78
Q

Identify the commands used to configure RSPAN

A

(config)# vlan

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82
Q

Which standards define Gigabit Ethernet standard?

A

IEEE 802.3z for optical

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84
Q

What is the IEEE 802.3 standard?

A

Called MAC due to the name of the IEEE committee (Media Access Control); original Layer 1 and 2 specifications, standardized using DIX V2 as a basis

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85
Q

What is the IEEE 802.2 standard?

A

Called LLC due to the name of the IEEE committee (Logical Link Control); Layer 2 specification for header common to multiple IEEE LAN specifications

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86
Q

What are the types of switching methods?

A

Store-and-Forward: receives all bits in the frame before forwarding the frame

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89
Q

What is the command to display the MAC address table?

A

show mac address-table [aging-time | count | dynamic | static]

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91
Q

What is the command to display the status of a SPAN?

A

show monitor session session-id

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92
Q

List the UTP Cabling standards and Max Speed Rating

A

Cat-1: Phone Only, not data

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98
Q

What is 10BASE5?

A

Thick coaxial - 500m max distance

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99
Q

What is 10BASE2?

A

Thin coaxial - 185m max distance

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100
Q

What is 10BASE-T?

A

UTP Cat 3, 4, 5, 5e, 6 - 100m max distance

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101
Q

What is 100BASE-FX?

A

Two strand MM - 400m max distance

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102
Q

What is 100BASE-T?

A

UTP Cat 3, 4, 5, 5e, 6, 2 pair - 100m max distance

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103
Q

What is 100BASE-T4?

A

UTP Cat 3, 4, 5, 5e, 6, 4 pair - 100m max distance

104
Q

What is 100BASE-TX?

A

UTP Cat 3, 4, 5, 5e, 6, or STP, 2 pair - 100m max distance

105
Q

What is 1000BASE-LX?

A

Long-wavelength laser, MM or SM fiber - 10km (SM) or 3 km (MM) max distance

106
Q

What is 1000BASE-SX?

A

Short-wavelength laser, MM fiber - 220 m (62.5-micron) or 550m (50-micron) max distance

107
Q

What is 1000BASE-ZX?

A

Extended-wavelength laser, SM fiber - 100km max distance

108
Q

What is 1000BASE-CX?

A

Shielded Twisted Pair (STP), 2 pair - 25 m max distance

109
Q

What is 1000BASE-T?

A

UTP Cat 5, 5e, 6, 4 pair - 100 m max distance

110
Q

What is loopback circuitry?

A

Used by NICs operating in half-duplex mode. This circuitry loops the transmitted frame back to the receive side of the NIC, so that when the NIC receives a frame over the cable, the combined looped-back signal and received signal allows the NIC to notice that a collision has occurred.

111
Q

What is a unicast MAC address?

A

MAC Address that represents a single LAN interface. The I/G bit, the most significant bit in the most significant byte, is set to 0.

112
Q

What is a broadcast MAC address?

A

An address that means “all devices that reside on this LAN right now.” Always a value of hex FFFFFFFFFFFF.

113
Q

What is a multicast MAC address?

A

A MAC address that implies some subset of all devices currently on

115
Q

What is encapsulation replication?

A

Allows CDP, spanning-tree BPDUs, VTP, DTP, and PagP frames to forwarded along with the normal SPAN traffic.

116
Q

What command causes a VLAN to be created?

A

vlan

117
Q

What are the motivations for using private VLANs?

A

Better LAN security and IP subnet conservation

118
Q

What happens when a switch with a higher VTP revision number and in client mode is connected to a network?

A

The new switch replaces all information in the existing network with its configuration

119
Q

What happens when a switch with a higher VTP revision number and in server mode is connected to a network?

A

The new switch replaces all information in the existing network with its configuration

120
Q

How many additional bytes of header information is added to frames passing across an 802.1Q trunk

A

zero

122
Q

trunking will work between the switches?

A

switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q

124
Q

When configuring trunking on a Cisco router fa0/1 interface, under which configuration modes could the IP address associated with the native VLAN?

A

Subinterface or physical interface configuration modes

129
Q

d. Is chosen over ISL by DTP

A

A, C, and D

131
Q

Which command enables PPPoE on the outside Ethernet interface on a Cisco router?

A

pppoe enable

132
Q

What is a broadcast domain?

A

A set of devices that receive a broadcast sent by any one of the devices in the same set.

133
Q

What is a VLAN?

A

An administratively defined subset of switch ports that are in the same broadcast domain. By creating multiple VLANs, the switches create multiple broadcast domains.

134
Q

What is the best practice for VLANs and IPs?

A

Best practices dictate a one-to-one relationship between VLANs and IP subnets. It is possible to put multiple subnets in one VLAN, and use secondary IP addresses on routers to route between the VLANs and subnets. Also, although not typically done, you can design a network to use one subnet on multiple VLANs, and use routers with proxy ARP enabled to forward traffic between hosts in those VLANs.

135
Q

What are the commands to create a VLAN in VLAN database mode?

A

vlan database

140
Q

What are the commands to create a VLAN in configuration mode?

A

(config)# vlan

142
Q

What is a community VLAN?

A

Hosts within a secondary can communicate with each other and with the primary, but not with another secondary vlan.

143
Q

What is an isolated VLAN?

A

Any ports associated with an isolated vlan can reach the primary, but not any other secondary. Hosts withn an isolated vlan can’t reach each other.

144
Q

What is a promiscuous port?

A

Ports in the primary VLAN that can send and receive frames with any other port, including ports assigned to secondary VLANs.

145
Q

What are the restrictions and guidelines when configuring private VLANs?

A

NAME?

149
Q

Identify the commands to configure and associate VLANs in a private VLAN.

A

(config)# vtp mode transparent

156
Q

Identify the commands to display the VLANs associated in a private VLAN.

A

show vlan private-vlan [type]

158
Q

Identify the commands to configure a Layer 2 Interface as a Private-VLAN Host Port

A

(config)# interface int-id

161
Q

Identify the command to display the Private-VLAN Host Port configuration.

A

show interfaces [interface-id]switchport

162
Q

Identify the commands to map a secondary VLAN to a primary VLAN Layer 3 VLAN Interface.

A

(config)# interface vlan pri_vlan_id

164
Q

Identify the command to display the secondary VLAN mapping

A

show interface private-vlan mapping

165
Q

Identify the commands to monitor Private VLANs

A

show interfaces status

169
Q

Which VTP modes originate VTP advertisements?

A

Server and Client modes

170
Q

Which VTP modes process received advertisements

A

Server and Client modes

171
Q

Which VTP modes forward VTP advertisements?

A

Server, Client and Transparent modes

172
Q

Which VTP modes save VLAN configuration in NVRAM?

A

Server and Tansparent modes

173
Q

What is the extended-range VLANs and what VLANS cannot be pruned by VTP versions 1 and 2?

A

1006-4096 is the extended range

175
Q

Where are normal range VLAN configurations stored?

A

Server Mode: vlan.dat in Flash

177
Q

Where are extended range VLAN configurations stored?

A

Server Mode: Nowhere - extended range not allowed

179
Q

How does ISL send frames across a trunk?

A

ISL adds a new 26-byte header, plus a new trailer encapsulating the original frame. This encapsulating header uses the source address of the device doing the trunking, instead of the source MAC of the original frame.

181
Q

Identify the trunking configuration that always trunks and sends DTP to help other side choose to trunk

A

switchport mode trunk

182
Q

Identify the trunking configuration that always trunks and does not send DTP messages

A

switchport mode trunk

184
Q

Identify the trunking configuration that sends DTP messages, and trunks if negotiation succeeds

A

switchport mode dynamic desirable

186
Q

trunks if negotiation succeeds

A

switchport mode dynamic auto

187
Q

Identify the trunking configuration never trunks

A

switchport mode access

189
Q

Identify the command used to associate the VLAN ID to an interface

A

encapsulation dot1q vlan-id [native]

190
Q

What is 801.1Q-in-Q?

A

802.1Q-in-Q allows an SP to preserve 802.1Q VLAN tags across a WAN service.

191
Q

What is PPPoE?

A

Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet. A convention often used as the data link protocol over Cable in which Ethernet is used as the data link protocol, but with PPP being encapsulated inside Ethernet. The combination gives the data link features of both Ethernet and PPP, in particular, the ability to forward the layer 2 Ethernet frames to the correct router, plus PPP authentication function of CHAP.

192
Q

What is Layer 2 protocol tunneling?

A

Another name for 802.1Q-in-Q.

193
Q

What is Common Spanning Tree?

A

A single instance of STP that is applied to multiple VLANs, typically when using the 802.1Q trunking standard.

194
Q

What is Spanning Tree Protocol?

A

Defined in IEEE 802.1d, a protocol used on LAN bridges and switches to dynamically define a logical network topology that allows all devices to be reached, but prevents the formation of loops

195
Q

Which STP setting determines how long a nonroot switch waits before trying to choose a new Root Port?

A

Maxage timer setting on the Root

196
Q

Assume that a nonroot 802.1d switch receives a Hello BPDU with the TCN flag set. Which STP setting determines how long the nonroot switch waits before timing out CAM entries?

A

When receiving a Hello with TCN set, the non-root switch uses an aggressive time-out value for CAM entries based on the advertised Forward Delay timer on the Root

197
Q

Assume that nonroot SW1 is blocking on a 802.1Q trunk connected to SW2. Both switches are in the same MST region. SW1 ceases to receive Hellos from SW2. What timers have an impact on how long SW1 takes to both become the Designated Port on that link and reach forwarding state?

A

Hello timer and Forward Delay timer settings on the Root. MST uses RSTP; RSTP waits three times the Hello time, as advertised in the Hello BPDU, before deciding to act.

199
Q

by sending a TCN BPDU. Why the notification is needed?

A

To trigger the process that causes all switches to use a short timer to help flush the CAM.

200
Q

What are the 802.1w port states

A

Discarding

CCIE (1 decks)

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