CCBS Slides 13-22 Flashcards
What is this injury called?
“terrible triad”
Elbow dislocation + radial head fracture + coronoid process broken
How do you fix a midshaft fracture?
needs to be repaired surgically
What sometimes accompanies a proximal humerus fracture?
Shoulder dislocation
What kind of fracture is this?
midshaft fracture
The terms to describe elbow dislocations are based on…?
the position of the lower arm in regards to the humerus
What type of elbow dislocation is this?
Posterior dislocation
What is a common cause for Proximal Humerus Fractures ?
Falling on the shoulder
What are the 5 types of elbow dislocations?
- lateral
- medial
- anterior
- posterior
- divergent
How many views can you have for the elbow/lower arm?
What are they called?
4 views:
- Anterior Posterior
- oblique medial rotation (interior)
- oblique lateral rotation (exterior)
- lateral
Which type of distal fracture usually results in an unstable elbow even after surgery ?
(may need an elbow replacement)
condylar
Is this an AP and L view of a normal/abnormal humerus?
normal
What other structures can be damaged in a midshaft fracture?
radial nerve and the deep brachial artery can be affected
What type of fracture is this?
distal humeral fracture
Due to the spongy nature of the humerus in elderly females, what injury can accompany a proximal humerus fracture?
Collapse & deformation of the bone (requires correction when fracture is treated)
What is the usual cause of elbow fractures?
Fall on outstretched hand
Elbow Anatomy: What structure of the humerus points medially in anatomical position?
(good directional indicator)
the Medial Epicondyle
What are the 2 types of distal humeral fractures, and which is more severe?
- supracondylar = above condyle (most common in children)
-
condylar fracture = on condyle (most severe)
* - usually high impact, usually needs surgery*
How are the views named for radiographing the elbow/lower arm?
(which direction is the ray coming from vs. where is the plate?)
named for the surface the ray hits first, and the surface articulating with the plate secondly.
- ex. if the posterior side of elbow is on plate, rays will hit anterior side first, then posterior.*
- = Anterior Posterior view (AP)*
Where does a distal humeral fracture occur?
On the condyle or just superior to the concyle.
How do you repair a fracture-dislocation injury in the elbow?
it requires surgical repair
If the sergical neck is borken in a proximal humerus fracture, what other structures can be damaged?
auxiliary nerve and **posterior circumflex humeral artery **
What is the “terrible triad”?
Elbow dislocation
+
radial head fracture
+
coronoid fracture
What type of fracture is shown here?
distal humeral fracture
Proximal humerus fractures are common in what genre of people? Why?
Common in elderly females - because of post menopausal osteoporosis
