Cca Flashcards
1
Q
What is not an essential nutrient for plants
A
Na
2
Q
What plant nutrient is a cation in soils
A
Potassium
3
Q
What plant nutrient is a macronutrient
A
S- sulfur
4
Q
Which element regulates stomata’s openings in plants
A
K - potassium
5
Q
What beneficial elemet os important in animal nutrition
A
Se- selenium
6
Q
What plant nutrient form is most immobile in soil
A
Phosphate
7
Q
What it uptake form of nitrogen
A
NO3-
8
Q
What is the uptake form of phosphorus
A
H2PO4-
9
Q
What is the chemical uptake form of potassium
A
K+
10
Q
What nutrient is a micronutrient
A
Cu - copper
11
Q
Which plant growth stage would you expect the highest demand for soil nutrients
A
Mid vegetative
12
Q
What is the available source of nutrients
A
Soil minerals
13
Q
If a nutrient is released to the soil during decomposition of an organic material, ____ has occurred
A
Mineralization
14
Q
When a plant nutrient is absorbed with water that is moving to and into the plant root, the nutrient uptake process is called ___.
A
Mass flow
15
Q
A major way calcium is supplied to plants is by ____.
A
Cation exchange
16
Q
Which nutrient is more soluble in a flooded soil than in an upland soil
A
Manganese
17
Q
What soil texture would likely have the lowest soil fertility
A
Sand
18
Q
In which case would you expect the greatest nitrogen mineralization
A
Soil amended with biosolid
19
Q
Which of the following is not needed for rapid nitrification to occur
A
Nitrate
20
Q
Conditions which favor volatile losses of nitrogen as ammonia include
A
High temperature
21
Q
Denitrification is the conversion of ____ to gaseous forms like dinitrogen and oxides of nitrogen
A
Nitrate
22
Q
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation is the process where atmospheric nitrogen is converted to ammonia in the root nodules of ___.
A
Legumes
23
Q
Immobilization of inorganic N during decomposition will be most likely if the material decomposing has a C:N ratio of ____.
A
35
24
Q
A condition which favors symbiotic nitrogen fixation is ____
A
Low soil nitrate
25
Cropping system that substantially increase or decrease soil PH from PH 6.5 can _____ P availability
Decrease
26
Soil sampling in a non-uniform field should be by the ___ method.
Grid
27
The depth of sampling no-till soils as compared to conventionally tilled soil is ____.
Shallower
28
Nutrient concentrations ____ change with depth.
Usually
29
At which of the following soils test levels would you expect the greatest crop response
Low
30
How are soil surveys useful in a soil sampling plan? They _____.
Provide yield potentials
31
Which of the following concepts of fertilizer recommendations increases soil fertility level most slowly?
Crop sufficiency
32
If a soil contains 40 lb P/acre, it contains ___ ppm P
20
33
Fertilizer recommendations obtained from a plant tissue analysis are ____ used to make a foliar fertilizer recommendation during that crop year.
Sometimes
34
____ plant parts should be sampled to obtain reliable tissue test results.
Specific
35
Which is the best pretreatment for a tissue sample prior to submitting the sample
Partially air dry in a paper bag
36
_____ is the plant nutrient concentration below which crop growth rate declines significantly
Critical value
37
The chlorophyll meter determines ____ sufficiency in a crop
N
38
Which of the following would not usually be a good source of N
Irrigation water
39
The rate of N release is least affected by microbial activity for
Sulfur coated urea (no wax)
40
If substantial ammonia is lost after application of UAN, a ____ inhibitor might reduce loss
Urease
41
Which of the following nitrogen fertilizer sources has the least % nitrogen
Ammonium sulfate
42
Which of the following P sources is a liquid
Ammonium polyphosphate
43
What is the most common form of potassium fertilizer
KCl
44
If a fertilizer is 13-13-13 on an oxide basis, what is the analysis on an elemental basis
13-5.7-10.8
45
The portion of a fertilizer that easily dissolves in water is
Water soluble
46
How many lbs of 10-20-10 should be applied to an acre of the fertilizer recommendation is 60 lbs of P2O5
300
47
How many lbs of 10-20-10 should be applied to an acre if the fertilizer recommendation is 26 lbs of P
300
48
If a manure contains 1.9% P on a dry basis and is 60% solids, what is the as is P concentration
1.1%
49
Which of the following is the best way to maximize plant available N in manure
Incorporation
50
When sampling a manure pile for analysis, how many samples is enough
Enough to assess manure availability
51
Potassium can be leached into subsoil if long-term additions of ____ are applied to a soil
Lime
52
Split applications of nitrogen fertilizer ____ as compared to a single application of the same amount of nitrogen
Reduce leaching losses
53
_____ application of P usually results in the most available P
Banded
54
Which of the following nutrient placement methods is common for small grains and forages
Top-dress
55
Which of the following times of nutrient application is likely to use the least tractor time
At planting/ emergence
56
Which of the following factors crates a situation where seed germination is likely reduced
Place a fertilizer with a high salt index near the seed
57
As soil PH decreases, _____ increases
Hydrogen ion concentration
58
Which of the following is the best measure of total acidity in a soil
Buffer pH
59
Which of the following fertilizers has the greatest potential to decrease soil pH
Ammonium nitrate
60
Which of the following soils would have the highest line requirements to meet a target of 6.5
PH 5, 25% clay, 2% organic matter
61
At which of the following soils pHs would phosphorus be most available for plant uptake
6.8
62
Which of the following micronutrients is more available at pH 7 than at pH 5
Mo
63
Which of the following actually neutralizes soil acidity when lime is applied
CO3-
64
Which of the following is not used in determining a lime recommendation
Exchangeable sodium percentage
65
Lime passing through which of the following mesh sizes would be greatest benefit in neutralizing soil acidity?
60
66
ECCE is the product of Effectiveness and
Calcium carbonate equivalence
67
If the ECCE of a liming material is 65 and the line recommendation for a state is based on a material with an ECCE of 80, how should lime rate be adjusted for the material with an ECCE of 65
1.2 times recommendation
68
Which of the following is least likely to change soil PH
Gypsum
69
Which of the following is characteristic of a N deficiency
Leaves yellowed at the bottom of the plant first
70
Soil testing and plant tissue test are usually
Used to test for nutrient deficiencies
71
Which of the following best describes adaptive nutrient management
Adjust nutrient applications to optimize yields and profits
72
Production history or level of management is a good way to determine
Yield goals
73
Which of the following is not part of the 4R system
Sink
74
Which of the following is commonly used to P loss assessments at the field scale
P Index
75
Which of the following N losses is probably most important for a field of soybeans
Crop harvest
76
Which of the following conditions allow N-based manure applications
Low P index
77
If a manure contains 0.2% total P and 50% of the P contributed to soil test P, how much would soil test P increase if 5 ton/acre of the manure is applied to a soil
10 lb/acre
78
Sinkholes in a Karat topography area can serve as conduits for N and P movement to
Streams, groundwater, reservoirs
79
Which of the following is not part of the purpose of a nutrient management plan
Improve atmospheric conditions
80
A comprehensive nutrient management plan should discuss
P movement to surface water
81
The final step in a nutrient management plan is
Evaluation and adjustment
82
Which of the following loss pathways is most concern for loss of nitrate N
Leaching
83
Which of the following pathways is of most concern for loss of phosphate from recently tilled soil
Erosion
84
Which of the following clays contributes most to CEC if the same amount of each clay is present
Montmorillonite
85
If a soil has an EC of 0.6 Siemens per meter and contains 20 percent sodium of the CEC, it is a ___ soil
Saline-sodic
86
What is the textural class of soil that is 10 percent clay and 35 percent sand
Silt loam
87
Which of the following increases as a soils clay content increases
Surface area
88
Which of the soil textures listed below has the highest porosity and lowest bulk density
Clay
89
The maximum value for plant available water is
The difference between field capacity and wilting point
90
Which of the following textural classes has the largest potential available water
Silt loam
91
Which kind of soil structure would be typical for a good seed bed
Granular
92
Soil structure modifies the physical properties of soil
Texture
93
Good structure in the subsoil improves
Root elongation
94
The bulk density of 100 cm3 of dry soil that weighs 145 g is ____ g/cm3
1.45
95
Which of the following soil textures has the greatest % porosity
Clay
96
Which of the following can decrease bulk density
Incorporating compost
97
In a typical row crop production system, most of the oil organic matter originated from
Crop residues
98
The stable form of soil organic matter is called
Humus
99
Soil organic matter is a source of ____ for crops
Nitrogen
100
In order to increase soil organic matter levels, ____ must be markedly reduced or eliminated
Tillage
101
Which of the following is most important in carbon sequestration
Reducing tillage
102
Which of the following favors increased soil microbial activity
Increase in soil water content from 20 to 40 percent of water holding capacity
103
Which of the following organic materials would be expected to mineralize the most nitrogen
Dairy manure
104
What is the most important soil property that affects soil health
Organic matter
105
How many acres in the S1/2, of the S1/2 of section 29
160
106
The area of a rectangular field is 1250 feet long and 700 feet wide is ___ acres
20
107
If a field has an 11 foot change in elevation over a distance of 1000 feet, the slope is___ %
1.1
108
Which kind of erosion removes a thin layer of soil
Sheet
109
Which of the following is a kind of wind erosion that forms dust storms
Suspension
110
Which of the following does not affect wind erosion
Slope length
111
The amount of soil that can be lost by erosion, while crop production is maintained economically for the long-term is called
Soil loss tolerance
112
In most situations, surface soil ____ will be lower after water erosion occurs
Organic matter content
113
Which of the following would be an acceptable conversation practice for a steep slope
Terracing
114
Soil erosion potential is highest in which of the following scenarios
Clean-till
115
What is the percent crop residue cover if the average number of residue intersections is 20 at 6 inch increments over 50 feet
20
116
When crop residues are removed from a field, soil _____ increases
Erosion
117
Subsurface compaction from tillage usually starts ___
At the depth of tillage
118
Seedling emergence is hindered by
Surface crusting
119
Maintaining crop residues on the surface and ___ reduce surface compaction
Light tillage
120
Which of the following increases soil water storage
Precipitation
121
Which of the following has the greatest impact on infiltration
Surface soil textire
122
Runoff decreases as ___ increases
Surface residue
123
Phosphorus is transported by ___ from fields
Runoff
124
Excessive soil moisture generally ___ nutrient uptake
Decreases
125
The irrigation method where water is applied at low volume is
Drip
126
___ are raised soil areas used to improve drainage
Beds
127
Tile drain spacing is smallest for a ___ soil
Clay loam
