CC1A States of matter

Question 1

Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in a solid

Answer 1

Tightly packed together in a regular arrangement
Vibrate in fixed positions

Question 2

Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in liquids

Answer 2

Close together but able to move past each other
Vibrate and move around each other

Question 3

Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in gases

Answer 3

Well seperated with no regular arrangement
Vibrate and move freely at high speeds

Question 4

Compare the relative energies of particles in solids, liquids and gases

Answer 4

Particles in a solid have the least amount of energy and particles in a gas have the most energy

Question 5

What does interconversion of state mean

Answer 5

When matter changes from one state to another due to changes in temperature or pressure

Question 6

What is a solid going straight to a gas called

Answer 6

Sublimation

Question 7

What is a gas turning straight into a solid called

Answer 7

Deposition

Question 8

Describe the forces between particles in a solid, liquid or gas

Answer 8

Solids - Strong forces of attraction between particles which keep them in their fixed positions
Liquids - Weaker attractive forces than in solids
Gases - Weakest intermolecular forces so particles are in random movement

Question 9

Describe what happens, in terms of particles, when a solid is heated and melts into a liquid

Answer 9

When heated the particles absorb thermal energy which is converted to kinetic energy. The particles in the solid vibrate more. This causes the solid to expand until the structure breaks, and becomes a liquid

Question 10

Describe what happens, in terms of particles, when a liquid is heated and evaporates into a gas

Answer 10

When heated, the particles in a liquid expand and some particles on the surface gain sufficient energy to overcome the intermolecular forces and evaporate. At the boiling point, all the liquid particles gain enough energy to evaporate

Question 11

Describe how the changes in state occur

Answer 11

Melting and freezing​ ​take​ ​place​ ​at​ ​the​ ​melting​ ​point
solid​ ​→​ ​liquid:​ ​melting
liquid​ ​→​ ​solid:​ ​freezing
Boiling​ ​and​ ​condensing​ ​take​ ​place​ ​at​ ​the​ ​boiling​ ​point
liquid​ ​→​ ​gas:​ ​boiling
gas​ ​→​ ​liquid:​ ​condensing

Question 12

What are the 3 states of matter

Answer 12

Solid, liquids and gas

Question 13

What is a chemical change

Answer 13

Are where a new product has been formed