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CLINICAL CHEMISTRY (CUA) > CC RECALLS > Flashcards

CC RECALLS Flashcards

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1
Q

🔘Material of known concentration

🔘Used to develope std curve/for calibration of instruments.

A

Standard

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2
Q

▪️Carry over problems of EDTA.

A

⬆️ Na, K

⬇️ Ca, Fe

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3
Q

▪️All purpose type of extinguisher

▪️Used for ordinary combustibles, flammable liquid and elc’l equipments

A

Dry chemical

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4
Q

Part of spectrophotometer that selects SPECIFIC wavelength of light.

A

Monochromator

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5
Q

▪️Have 2 monochromators.

▪️determines amt of light emitted after EXCITATION.

A

Fluorometer

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6
Q

Effect of hemolysis to glucose in hexokinase mtd.

A

False ⬇️

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7
Q

Requirements for OGTT testing.
▪️px must be:
▪️fasting:
▪️diet:

A

Ambulatory px
8-14hrs fasting
Unrestricted diet of at least 150 CHO for 3 days
✖️smoke, drink alcohol

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8
Q

LDL chole: 150 mg/dL

A

Borderline high

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9
Q

> 220 mg/dL chole:
Mod risk:
High risk:

A

30-39

20-29

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10
Q

A copper-binding A2 glycoprotein.

A

Ceruloplasmin

Wilson’s dse

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11
Q

1g Nitrogen corresponds to how many grams of Proteins?

A

6.54

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12
Q

BUN:CREA RATIO

A

10-20:1

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13
Q

Effect of chemotherapy and allopurinol to uric acid.

A

Increase

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14
Q

Simplest mtd for creatinine determination (lacks specificity)

A

Colorimentric: endpoint

▪️colorimentric:kinetic - rapid, ⬆️specific

Enz: measures ammonia colorimetrically or using ise

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15
Q

Moderate (3-5x) ⬆️ LDH indicates what dse.

A

MI -myocardial infarction

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16
Q

▪️System that separates samples and rgts into containers.

▪️multiple tests on a single sample

A

Discrete analyzer

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17
Q

Cardiac failure is accompanied by ⬆️/⬇️ renin concentration.

A

⬆️

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18
Q

Compensatory mechanism: METABOLIC ACIDOSIS

A

Hyperventilation

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19
Q

Compensatory mechanism: METABOLIC ALKALOSIS

A

Hypoventilation

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20
Q

Vit. B6 deficiency condition.

A

FACIAL SEBORRHEA

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21
Q

Bile obstruction:

ALT, AST, ALP

A

All ⬆️

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22
Q

Transport protein of iron

A

Transferrin

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23
Q

Viral hepatitis:

Direct and indirect bili -

A

⬆️⬆️

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24
Q

Type of kinetic wherein rxn rate is directly proportional to: SUBSTRATE concentration

A

1st Order

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25
Q

Type of kinetic wherein rxn rate is directly proportional to: ENZYME concentration

A

Zero-order

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26
Q

SI unit for enzymatic activity.

A

mol/sec

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27
Q

Help confirm dx if a px has hypothyroidism : T3 ⬇️ ; T4 🆗

A

Tsh

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28
Q

Type of drug which HASHISH belongs to.

A

Cannabinoids

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29
Q

Drug used to treat people with MANIC DEPRESSION (bipolar d/o)

A

Lithium

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30
Q

In type I Criggler-Najjar sx, ⬆️indirect bili and deposition within the brain of an infant leads to?

A

KERNICTERUS

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31
Q

10%contamination of 5%dextrose - what is the effect to glucose?

A

⬆️to 500mg/dl

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32
Q

If there is __% ⬇️ in PO2, there is __%⬆️ PCO2.

A

7, 3

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33
Q 
Color hazards:
▪️REACTIVITY/STABILITY
▪️SPECIFIC
▪️HEALTH
▪️FLAMMABILITY
A

Yellow
White
Blue
Red

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34
Q

⬆️/⬇️ : direct bili in bile obstruction

A

⬆️

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35
Q

How many times increase of CK can lead to MI?

A

10

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36
Q

⬆️ GH IN ADULT

A

Acromegaly

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37
Q

⬆️ GH IN CHILDREN

A

Gigantism

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38
Q

Drug of choice for petit mal and grand mal seizure.

A

Valproic acid

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39
Q

Enzyme used to investigate alleged rape

A

ACP

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40
Q

Wavelength of visible light:

A

400-700

UV -IR

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41
Q

Not used for derivation of LDL

A

VLDL

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42
Q

Fasting hrs for TAG

A

12-14 hrs

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43
Q

Cocaine metabolite

A

Benzoylecgonine

44
Q

Type of DM assoc with early onset, absolute insulin def, and has Ab against beta cells of pancreas.

A

Type 1 DM

Type 2: late onset, relative insulin def

45
Q

Rate of glucose metab if spx is left at ROOM TEMP:

A

7mg/dL/hr

46
Q

Rate of glucose metab if spx is left at 4’C:

A

4mg/dl/hr

47
Q

Mtd for testing urea which is inexpensive but lacks specificity.

A

Colorimetric: diacetyl

▪️Enz: NH3 -specific, expensive

48
Q

Part of pituitary gland that do not produce enzymes but rather secretes them.

A

POSTERIOR

49
Q

BSC CLASS OF LAMINAR FLOW

A

II

50
Q

Grade of water used for preparation of std solution

A

Type I water

51
Q

Transcribe RACE

A

Rescue
Alarm
Contain
Extinguish

52
Q

Characterized of havibg 6 or more consecutive values that either ⬆️ or ⬇️ over 6 days.

A

Trend

53
Q

Having 6 or more consecutive values that distributre on one side or either side of the mean.

A

SHIFT

54
Q

Most potent estrogen

A

Estradiol (E2)

55
Q

Classical rxn associated to estrogen

A

KOBER RXN

56
Q

Rgt used in Kober rxn

A

Hydroquinone sulfuric acid

(+) pink

57
Q

LD Rxn
Forward:
Reverse:

A

F: WACKER
R: WROBLEWSKI-LaDue

58
Q

CK Rxn
Forward:
Reverse:

A

F: Tanzer-Gilvarg
R: Oliver-Rosalski

59
Q

HLD level risk for heart dse

A

<35 / <40mg/dl

Protective: >60

60
Q

“Floating B-lpp”

A

B-VLDL

61
Q

“Sinking pre-B lpp”

A

Lp (a)

62
Q

Highest concentration of B-VLDL

A

Type 3 hyperlipoproteinemia

63
Q

Routinely measured electrolytes

A

Na
K
Cl
HCO3

64
Q

LDL Chole can be computed from measurements of:

A

TAG
TC
HDL

65
Q

Na concentration in diabetic px

A

⬇️

66
Q

Ac used in most chemistry test

A

Lithium heparin

- has least interference with analysis

67
Q

Cx (2) that show pronounced ⬆️ (>5x the normal) of AST:

A

Acute pancreatitis

MI

68
Q

Single most impt use of SERUM ELECTROPHORESIS:

A

Detection of MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY

69
Q

Counterbalance of SODIUM

A

Chloride

70
Q

Driving force of bicarbonate system

A

CO2

71
Q

Relationship of CHLORIDE AND BICARBONATE LEVELS

A

Inverse

72
Q

Blood glucose level considered to be HYPOGLYCEMIC

A

<50mg/dl

73
Q

Liver fxn test for overall capacity to transport bile:

A

SERUM BILIRUBIN LEVELS

74
Q

An enzyme which is a part of the liver and biliary fxn tests which assess abnormalities of the BILE-DUCT EPITHELIUM

A

ALP

75
Q

BICARBONATE:CARBONIC ACID

A

20:1

76
Q

If blood spx with ⬆️WBC is left standing= effect to glucose

A

Substantial ⬇️

77
Q

An instrument that us s a diffraction grating monochromator.

A

Spectrophotometer

78
Q

Organs that secretes hormones (4)

A

Anterior Pit Gland
posterior P.G
Thyroid gland
Parathyroid gland

79
Q

Most sensitive and specific screening test for CUSHING’s syndrome.

A

24HR Urinary cortisol test

*others:
▪️overnight dexamethasone suppression test (most common)
▪️salivary cortisol test

CONFIRMATORY:
▪️Low-Dose Dexamethasone supp. Test
▪️midnight plasma cortisol (>7.5 ug/dL)
▪️CRH stimulation test

80
Q

Burning electrical equipment is Type __ fire hazard.

A

C

81
Q

Considered as one-step mtd for Cholesterol determination

A

Lieberman-Burchardt

82
Q

Term used for ELEVATED urea in blood

A

AZOTEMIA

83
Q

Enzyme having the LEAST organ-specificity

A

LDH (unreliable marker)

84
Q

Condition where there is ARTIFACTUAL HYPERALBUMINEMIA

A

Prolonged tourniquet application

85
Q

Marker for breast cancer

A

CA 15.3

86
Q

Cortisol is highest at ___ and ⬇️ in the ____.

A

8am

Afternoon (lowest: 10-12pm)

87
Q

Damage in the biliary epithelium: effect to ALT

A

⬆️

88
Q

Are routinely used to assess kidney fxn

A

K

Creatinine

89
Q

Order of draw

A 
STOP LIGHT RED GREEN LIGHT GO
SPS
Light blue
Red
Green
Lavender
Gray
90
Q

LDH has moderate specificity to: (3)

A

Heart
Liver
Skeletal muscle

91
Q

Are considered as risk factor for coronary heart dse

A

TAG

92
Q

Things that must be investigated by the physician in an asymptomatic DM px: (3)

A

▪️history of vascular dse
▪️history of insulin resistance
▪️hypertension

93
Q

Accdg to NCEP GUIDELINES, the coefficient of variation for HDL chole should be =4%

A

=4%

94
Q

Abrupt change in ctrl values leads to: shift or trend?

A

Shift

95
Q

Shows relative concentration of a solution.

A

Dilution

96
Q

Enzyme that catalyzes an oxidation-reduction rxn

A

LDH

97
Q

A condition which will cause a pronounces AST elevation

A

Viral hepatitis

98
Q

Most affected electrolyte by hemolysis

A

K

99
Q

This participates in the maintenance of blood pH (7)

A

Hgb

100
Q

The cause of metabolic acidosis

A

⬇️HCO3

101
Q

Effect of CONN’S Dse to Na and K

A

⬆️Na

⬇️K

102
Q

Disorders caused by FAULTY FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES

A

▪️HIRSUTISM

▪️PCOS (POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SX)

103
Q

This can cause sterility and infertility: hyper or hyposecretion of GONADOTROPINS

A

Hypo

104
Q

Is used in the laboratory which demonstrates the Westgard Multirules

A

Levey-Jennings Chart (Dot Chart)

105
Q

Earliest marker for ACUTE PANCREATITIS

A

Amylase

106
Q

Most specific marker for ACUTE PANCREATITIS

A

Lipase

107
Q

Spx delayed for glucose testing stored in the ref will exhibit glycolysis at the rate of:

A

2mg/dl/hr

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY (CUA) (4 decks)

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