cc Flashcards
Which statements refer to Type 1 diabetes?
a. Results from B-cell destruction and usually diagnosed in children
b. Results from B-cell destruction and usually leads to absolute insulin
deficiency, and usually diagnosed in children
c. Usually leads to absolute
insulin deficiency and usually
diagnosed in children
d. Results from B-cell
destruction and usually leads
to absolute insulin deficiency
b. Results from B-cell
destruction and usually
leads to absolute insulin
deficiency, and usually
diagnosed in children
Which analyte is SIGNIFICANTLY affected by a change in posture from supine to a standing position?
a. Protein
b. Calcium
c. Aldosterone
d. Magnesium
b. Calcium
Which are causes of random
error?
(1) Temperature of analyzer
(2) Reagent dispensing
(3) Instability of instrument
(4) Calibration differences
a. 1 and 4
b. 2 and 3
c. 1, 2, 3, and 4
d. 1, 2, and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3
Electrolytes, glucose, BUN,
Creatinine and osmolality
examinations have been
performed on a patient suspected
of ingesting ethanol. What can be done to help reveal this condition
without additional tests?
a. Determine anion gap
b. Determine glycemic index
c. Compare measured and
computed osmolality
d. Compute osmolality
c. Compare measured and
computed osmolality
Which protein is quantified by
standard protein electrophoresis?
(1) Fibrinogen
(2) Transferrin
(3) C3
a. 1, 2, and 3
b. 1, and 2
c. 2, and 3
d. 1, and 3
c. 2, and 3
Which of the following refer to
1(3s)?
(1) Range between two
observations in the same
run exceeds 4 SD
(2) Detects imprecision or
systematic bias
(3) Rejected and there will be
additional investigation
(4) One observation exceeds 3
SD from the target
a. 2 and 4
b. 2 and 3
c. 1 and 3
d. 3 and 4
d. 3 and 4
Which statement is NOT true
about LH?
Acts on Leydig cells which
stimulate the production of androgens
b. Involved in the development of corpus luteum, especially in its secreting phase
c. Involved during the formation
of gametes
d. Has NO specific function
during the development of
primary sex organs
d. Has NO specific function
during the development of
primary sex organs
Which is a pathologic cause of
increased AMS?
a. Acute abdominal disorder
b. Intestinal obstruction
c. Acute pancreatitis
d. Perforated duodenal ulcer
c. Acute pancreatitis
Which electrolytes are essential
components in acid-base
balance?
(1) Bicarbonate
(2) Calcium
(3) Potassium
(4) Chloride
a. 1, 3 and 4
b. 1, 2, and 3
c. 1, and 4
d. And 3
a. 1, 3 and 4
Which are acceptable dress code
policy in the laboratory?
(1) Comfortable foot wear
such as sandals and
flip-flops
(2) Clean laboratory coats
(3) Minimal use of jewelry
(4) Shoulder-length hair pulled
back and secured
a. 1 to 4
b. 2, 3, and 4
c. 1, and 2
d. 2, and 3
b. 2, 3, and 4
Which characterizes chronic
glomerular nephritis?
(1) Slow developing disease
(2) Gradual uremia
(3) Loss of functioning
nephrons
a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3
Which illicit drug is commonly
referred to as “ecstasy”?
a. Phencyclidine
b. Cocaine
c. Opiates
d. Methylenedioxymethylamp
hetamine
d. Methylenedioxymethylamp
hetamine
Which compares the result
obtained for one specimen with
the previous results (s) obtained
for the same patient?
a. Randomized duplicate
specimens
b. Average normals
c. Delta check
d. Pattern recognition
c. Delta check
Which immunoassay method for
Thyroxine testing is referred to?
*fluorogenic substrate - labeled
thyroxine competing with patient
T4 for antibody only unbound,
leftover labeled T4 reacts with
enzyme to form product reaction
is directly proportional
a. Microparticle enzyme
b. Chemiluminescence
c. Fluorescent
Substrate-Labeled
Inhibition
d. Fluorescent Polarization
c. Fluorescent
Substrate-Labeled
Inhibition
Which is MOST likely disease?
*TSH - Increased
*T4 (Total) - Increased
*FT4 - Increased
*T3 - Increased
a. Secondary hypothyroidism
b. Secondary hyperthyroidism
c. Primary hyperthyroidism
d. Primary hypothyroidism
b. Secondary hyperthyroidism
Which inhibit growth hormone
secretion, except?
a. Glucose loading
b. Amino acids
c. Thyroxine deficiency
d. Insulin deficiency
b. Amino acids
Which are causes of random error?
1. Sample evaporation
2. Electro-optical mechanism
3. Variation in handling techniques
4. Variation in operators
a. 1 and 2
c. 3 and 4
b. 1, 2, 3, and 4
d. 1, 3, and 4
b. 1, 2, 3, and 4
First responders to stress by acting w/in
seconds
a. Cortisol
b. Aldosterone
c. Catecholamine
d. DHEA
c. Catecholamine
Can yield a hydrogen ion or hydronium
ion when dissolved in water is a
a. Buffer
b. Alkali
c. Acid excess
d. Acid
d. Acid
Lithium is a
a. CNS stimulant
b. CNS depressant
c. Hallucinogen
d. antidepressant
d. antidepressant
Which hyponatremia is NOT caused by
increased sodium loss?
a. Potassium deficiency
b. Diuretic use
c. Renal failure
d. Severe burns
c. Renal failure
Conveys information on hepatocellular
damage and necrosis
a. Transaminase
b. Albumin
c. Bilirubin
d. Ammonia
a. Transaminase
Progressive drift of control values in one
direction for atleast 5 consecutive runs?
a. Shift → (one side)
b. Contraction
c. Dispersion
d. Trend
d. Trend
Glucose measurement using the
reducing substances approach may be
erroneously higher by ___ mg/dL compared
to the enzymatic method?
a. 5-15
b. 25-30
c. 15-25
d. 10-20
a. 5-15
Which are acute phase reactants?
1. Alpha1-acid glycoprotein
2. Alpha1-antitrypsin
3. CRP
a. 2 and 3
b. 1 2 3
c. 1 and 3
d. 1 and 2
b. 1 2 3
Water balance in the body is attributed
to which cation?
a. Sodium
b. Calcium
c. Potassium
d. Chloride
a. Sodium
Considered as medical emergency
1. Ketoacidosis
2. Glycosuria
3. Marked hyperkalemia
a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1 2 3
b. 1 and 3
A comprehensive program in an
institution in which all areas of operation are
monitored to ensure quality with the aim of
providing the highest quality patient care is
quality
a. Assessment
b. Control
c. Assurance
d. Systems
c. Assurance
During drug administration, the spread of drug via the circulatory system to organs and tissues throughout the body is _____.
A. Elimination
C. Metabolism
D. Distribution
B. Absorption
D. Distribution
NOT attributed to polycystic ovarian
syndrome [PCOS]
a. Hirsutism
b. Infertility
c. Obesity
d. myxedema
d. myxedema
The 3-day old neonate, recently
discharged from a delivery suite, had
inadequate protein feeding for the next
24 hours after discharge. What will be
the effect on the thyroxine levels
compared to normal reference ranges?
a. Higher
b. Indeterminate
c. Nothing
d. Lower
d. Lower
Positive displacement pipette:
a. With no air cushion
b. All of the items
c. Can pipette high density samples
d. Aspiration force remains constant
b. All of the items
Which is a commonly used clearance
test used as a rough estimate of
glomerular filtration rate?
a. eGFR
b. Inulin
c. CKD-EPI
d. Creatinine
d. Creatinine
What is the value of 200 mg/dl,
glucose in mmol/L?
a. 8.5
b. 10.50
c. 11.0
d. 13.75
c. 11.0
For 40 years old and above, there is
moderate risk of developing coronary heart disease when cholesterol is greater than
a. 240 mg/dl
b. 280 mg/dl
c. 200 mg/dl
d. 260 mg/dl
a. 240 mg/dl
HCG kit for pregnancy uses:
a. Immunochromatography
b. Colorimetry
c. Turbidimetry
d. Electrochemistry
a. Immunochromatography
Cleaning surface with disinfectant:
a. Administrative/Workplace control
b. Engineering control
c. PPE
d. Emergency kit
a. Administrative/Workplace control
Not a physical hazard
a. Ergonomic
b. Noise
c. Aerosol from centrifugation
d. Opened shoes
c. Aerosol from centrifugation
Not included in SDS or MSDS
a. Spill and disposal procedure
b. Primary routes of entry
c. Special information center
d. Education of employees annually
and catalog number
d. Education of employees annually
and catalog number
___ of radiant energy emitted falls in
the visible region, with most emitted as near infrared
a. 10%
b. 15%
c. 5%
d. 20%
b. 15%
Green color shows highest
transmittance at
a. 525 nm
b. 450 nm
c. 600 nm
d. 750 nm
a. 525 nm
Preferred unit for reporting:
a. mg/dl
b. mol/L
c. mmol/L
d. umol/L
b. mol/L
Has a random access system?
a. Continuous flow
b. Centrifugal
c. Discrete
d. All of the above
c. Discrete
What should be done if
re-centrifuging is necessary?
a. Re-spin the primary tube
b. Re-spin the cold centrifuge
c. Transfer the serum to another
tube then re-spin
d. Re-spin if the tube is gel tube
c. Transfer the serum to another
tube then re-spin
Violation of which rule does NOT
indicate systematic error (it means
random error)?
a. 13s
b. 41s
c. 10mean
d. 22s
a. 13s
The concept of treating all blood and
body fluids as capable of transmitting
infectious diseases is…
a. Safe practice standards
b. Infection control
c. Universal precautions
d. Safety protocol
c. Universal precautions
The gram-molecular weight of NaCl is 58.5. What is the molarity of a solution containing 75 g of NaCl per Liter?
a. 1.3
b. 1.7
c. 1.0
d. 1.6
a. 1.3
The usual lipid studies require
fasting for ___ hours
a. 12
b. 10
c. 9
d. 6
a. 12
Which formula is used to estimate
osmolality?
a. Osmolality = [Na+] + [urea] +
[glucose]
b. Osmolality = [Na+] + [urea] + 2 x
[glucose]
c. Osmolality = [Na+] + 2 x [urea] +
[glucose]
d. Osmolality = 2 x [Na+] + [urea] +
[glucose]
d. Osmolality = 2 x [Na+] + [urea] +
[glucose]
Which does NOT refer to
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
(IDDM)? Ito ay looking for DM 2.
a. Age of onset
b. Serum insulin
c. None of the items
d. Presence of ketone bodies
c. None of the items
Which immunoassay method for
Thyroxine testing is referred to?
*fluorophozelabeled thyroxine competes
with patient thyroxine for antibody
*antibody-bound labelled thyroxine
rotates slowly, emitting lower energy
light
*reactions are inversely proportional
a. Microparticle enzyme
b. Fluorescent polarization
c. Fluorescent substrate-labeled
inhibition
d. Chemiluminescence
b. Fluorescent polarization
Which measurement of uric acid
lacks specificity and has problems with
turbidity?
a. Colorimetric : endpoint
b. Colorimetric : kinetic
c. Enzymatic : UV
d. Enzymatic : H2O2
a. Colorimetric : endpoint
Which are considered when
interpreting ABGs in the clinical setting?
(1) Acid-base status
(2) Alveolar ventilation
(3) Oxygenation status and O2 transport
(4) Carboxyhemoglobin
a. 1, 2, and 3
b. 1, 2, 3, and 4
c. 2, 3, and 4
d. 1 and 3
a. 1, 2, and 3
Which is necessary for enzyme
activity?
a. Coenzymes
b. Cofactors
c. Activators
d. Isoenzymes
b. Cofactors
Which are causes of
pseudohyperkalemia?
(1) In-vitro hemolysis
(2) Thrombocytosis
(3) Prolonged tourniquet use
(4) Excessive fist clenching
a. 1, 2, 3, and 4
b. 1, 3, and 4
c. 1 and 2
d. 3 and 4
a. 1, 2, 3, and 4
It interferes with protein sulfhydryl
(keyword) group in protein coenzymes, reduces oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production. Which metal is referred
to?
a. Mercury
b. Lead
c. Iron
d. Arsenic
d. Arsenic
Practice of safety in the laboratory
involves…
a. The heads and supervisors only
b. Laboratory aides handling the
laboratory wastes
c. Everyone working in the
laboratory
d. The medical technologists doing the tests
c. Everyone working in the
laboratory
Which immunoassay method for
Thyroxine testing is referred to?
*peroxidase-labeled antibody binds with
patient hormone (antigen form complex)
(similar to ELISA)
*addition of acridium esters substrate
forms an oxidized product that emits
light (keyword) for short time
a. Fluorescent substrate-labeled
inhibition
b. Microparticle enzyme
c. Chemiluminescence
d. Fluorescent polarization
c. Chemiluminescence
Which of the following is the result of urea being reabsorbed into the
circulation due to obstruction?
a. None of the items
b. Post-renal azotemia
c. Prerenal azotemia
d. Renal azotemia
b. Post-renal azotemia
Which condition shows a low A/G
ratio?
a. Multiple myeloma, cirrhosis and
nephrotic syndrome
b. Nephrotic syndrome
c. Multiple myeloma and cirrhosis
d. Cirrhosis
a. Multiple myeloma, cirrhosis and
nephrotic syndrome
If blood was collected using an
anticoagulant, how would the volume of
plasma be usually described compared
to blood collected without the
anticoagulant and serum is obtained
instead?
a. Same
b. Greater
c. Indeterminate
d. Lower
b. Greater
Which does not refer to neonatal
primary hypothyroidism?
a. Growth deficiency
b. Mental retardation
c. Thyroiditis
d. Cretinism
c. Thyroiditis
The needle gauge used in pediatric
venipuncture is:
a. 20
b. 23
c. 21
d. 19
b. 23
Which class of enzymes catalyze
structural shifts in a molecule, causing a change in ____
a. Isomerases
b. Ligases
c. Transferases
d. Oxidoreductases
a. Isomerases
Which are antiasthmatic drugs?
(1) Theophylline
(2) Theobromine
(3) Digoxin
(4) Lithium
a. 2 and 4
b. 3 and 4
c. 1 and 3
d. 1 and 2
d. 1 and 2
BUN will be significantly increased
when GFR is decreased by at least ___ %
a. 25
b. 100
c. 50
d. 75
c. 50
When compared with circulating T3,
levels of T4 are
a. The same
b. Variable
c. Lower
d. Higher
d. Higher
Which condition causes cardiac
arrest and can occur in the absence of any warning clinical symptoms?
a. Hyponatremia
b. Hypokalemia
c. Hypernatremia
d. Hyperkalemia
d. Hyperkalemia
What is the effect on draw volume if
evacuated tubes are stored at high
temperature?
a. Decrease
b. None
c. Indeterminate
d. Increase
a. Decrease
In the H-H equation, the numerator
denotes the _____ function?
a. Liver
b. Heart
c. Kidney
d. Lung
c. Kidney
Hypernatremia is defined as a
serum/plasma sodium level greater than ___ mmol/L?
a. 150
b. 160
c. 142
d. 155
a. 150
What type of fire extinguisher may be
used on a computer?
a. Halon
b. Dry chemical
c. Carbon dioxide
d. Pressurized water
a. Halon
Which is the steroid hormone
produced by the corpus luteum and
placenta that prepares the endometrium
for blastocyst implantation and
maintains pregnancy?
a. Progesterone
b. Estriol
c. hPL
d. hCG
a. Progesterone
It is visually detected in the Standing
Plasma Test as a floating cream layer.
Which lipoprotein is present?
a. VLDL
b. LDL
c. HDL
d. Chylomicrons
d. Chylomicrons
Which analytic techniques do NOT
measure the concentration of solute
particles in a solution?
- Osmometry
- Fluorometry
- Turbidimetry
- Nephelometry
a. 1, 3, and 4
b. 2 and 4
c. 2, 3 and 4
d. 1 and 3
c. 2, 3 and 4
The formula below is used to
compute for _____ expressed in mg/dL
[Total Cholesterol-HDL] - [Triglycerides/5]
a. LDL
b. VLDL
c. IDL
d. Lp (a)
a. LDL
Which is NOT a hazard associated
with the use of liquid nitrogen?
a. Shock
b. Thermal burns
c. Explosions
d. Asphyxiation
a. Shock
Which analyte is affected by diurnal
variation?
a. Thyroxine
b. Iron
c. Calcium
d. Cholesterol
b. Iron
Which is a major waste product of
the protein catabolism?
a. Creatinine
b. Urea
c. Ammonia
d. Uric acid
b. Urea
Which is NOT a catabolite of protein
and nucleic acid metabolism?
a. Urea
b. Glucose
c. Uric acid
d. Creatinine
d. Creatinine
Which statistical calculation indicate
the extent of variation of the
observations?
1. Mode
2. Range
3. Variance
4. Standard deviation
a. 2, 3 and 4
b. 2 and 3
c. 1, 2, and 3
d. 1 and 4
a. 2, 3 and 4
Which is a major protein constituent
of LDL?
a. ApoD
b. ApoB
c. ApoC
d. ApoA
b. ApoB
Using the cutoff points for serum
cholesterol, which are group, expressed in years, matches the levels of risk for developing coronary heart disease?
*Moderate risk if cholesterol is greater than 240 mg/dL
*High risk if cholesterol is greater than 260 mg/dL
a. 40 and over
b. 30-39
c. 20-29
d. 2-19
a. 40 and over
Enzymes are involved in which of the
following processes?
1. Anabolism
2. Catabolism
3. Energy generation
a. 1, 2 and 3
b. 2 and 3
c. 1 and 2
d. 1 and 3
a. 1, 2 and 3
Which statement about chronic
toxicity is NOT correct?
a. Toxic effect: always severe
b. Frequency of exposure: repeated
c. Dose: insufficient to cause an
immediate response
d. Duration of exposure: extended
periods
a. Toxic effect: always severe
Which performance characteristics
of laboratory test are more relevant for diagnosis of disease and therapeutic Monitoring?
a. Specificity and Precision
b. Sensitivity and Specificity
c. Sensitivity and Accuracy
d. Accuracy and Precision
b. Sensitivity and Specificity
