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Cognitive Behavior Therapy > CBT > Flashcards

CBT Flashcards

1
Q

Methods of Bx Assessment

A 
Bxl interview
Direct self-report
Self-recording
Bxl checklist
Systematic naturalistic observation
Simulated observation
Role-playing
Physiological measurement
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2
Q

Multimethod vs. Multimodal

A

Multimethod uses more than one of the 8 methods

Multimodal tries to get information about different modes or dimensions of bs

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3
Q

Methods of Cognitive Assessment

A 
Thoughts and internal dialogue
Beliefs
Attributions
Cognitive distortions
Imagery
Self-efficacy expectations
Cognitive style
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4
Q

The ABC Model

A

The specific antecedents and consequences that cause an individual to perform a behavior.

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5
Q

The Process of Behavior Therapy

A 
Clarify problem
Formulate goals of tx
Designate a target bx
Identify maintaining conditions
Design a tx plan to change the conditions
Implement plan
Evaluate success of plan
Follow-up assesssment
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6
Q

Stimulus Control

A

Changing the maintaining antecedents of behavior
Used in obesity and insomnia
Use cues that elicit target behavior
Change antecedents and cues that elect undesirable bx

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7
Q

Contingency Management

A

Using the consequences of behavior to change that behavior through reinforcement (positive or negative)
Used in alcohol treatment, ABA therapy

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8
Q

Behavioral Activation

A

Lewinsohn: depression is due to lack of response contingent positive reinforcement
Engage in planned activation strategies that lead to sense of mastery

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9
Q

Response Cost

A

Remove a valued item or privilege as a consequence of undesirable bx (negative punishment)
Sunday Box

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10
Q

Token economies

A

Motivating client to perform desirable bxs.
Anna State Hospital token economy
Effective during treatment, but generalization is not guaranteed
“Harry” film

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11
Q

Relaxation Training

A

Used for medical problems (pain, heart problems)
Psychological problems (anxiety, panic, PTSD, insomnia)
Progressive muscle relaxation, applied relaxation

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12
Q

Brief/Graduated Exposure Therapy

A

For maladaptive anxiety

Systematic desensitization and In vivo desensitization

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13
Q

Systematic desensitization

A

Client imagines greater anxiety provoking situations while doing relaxation techniques
teaches competing response (relaxation)
Constructs a hierarchy of scenes (needs time to develop)
Desensitize
Works because of repeated safe exposure, in a gradual manner, while engaging in a competing response

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14
Q

In vivo desensitization/In vivo exposure

A 
Might use relaxation
Use hierarchy
Option to terminate if uncomfortable
Interoceptive exposure for panic
More effective than SD
Generalizes better than SD
Can monitor avoidance
Costly
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15
Q

Virtual Reality Exposure

A

significant reduction in PTSD symptoms in veterans

VRE is better than imaginal exposure and no better than in vivo

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16
Q

Panic Control Treatment

A 
Diaphragmatic breathing
Progressive muscle relaxation
Cognitive restructuring
Interoceptive exposure
PCT led to greater change than treatment as usual
17
Q

Prolonged/Intense Exposure (flooding)

A

Doesn’t promote relaxation because it is a form of avoidance.
No hierarchy. People learn that anxiety is not going to hurt them.
Imagine scene as if it is actually occurring
Continue involvement even if anxious
Anxiety will increase and should pay attention
Used for phobias, OCD, PTSD, anorexia, PD, body dysmorphia
80% improvement compared to controls (phobias)
PE is highly effective for PTSD and gains are maintained over time (Foa)

18
Q

EMDR

A

rebalances information processing system

Works better than nothing, but not better than CBT or BT

19
Q

Unified Protocol

A

Psychoeducation and tx rationale
Motivational enhancement
Present-focused emotional awareness
Used across anxiety/mood disorders

20
Q

Classical Conditioning

A

a learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired; a response that is at first elicited by the second stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone.

21
Q

Operant Conditioning

A

Operant conditioning (sometimes referred to as instrumental conditioning) is a method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior. Through operant conditioning, an association is made between a behavior and a consequence for that behavior

22
Q

3 levels of cognition

A

Automatic thoughts
Cognitive distortions
Negative Cognitive Triad

23
Q

Cognitive interventions

A

Socratic dialogue
Columbo technique
Problem-solving
Homeworks and evidence gathering

Leads to more improvement, better outcomes when combined with meds vs. meds alone

24
Q

Behavioral Interventions

A 
Behavioral activation
Graded task assignment
Behavioral experiment
Role-playing
Relaxation training
25
Q

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

A

Identifying thoughts based on irrational beliefs, challenging those beliefs, and replacing them with rational thoughts.
Only modest empirical support
May not work with substance use clients or paraphiliacs

26
Q

Modeling/Social Learning

A

Learning through observation

Used for social skills training in schizophrenia or people with social phobia

27
Q

Self-instructional training

A 
Cognitive coping skills
Teaching people to talk to themselves
Used with impulsive kids, developmentally disabled, schizophrenics. Not the strongest evidence for efficacy
Cognitive modeling
Cognitive participant modeling
Overt self-instructions
Fading overt self-instructions
Covert-self instruction
28
Q

Stress inoculation training

A 
Clients learn coping skills to deal with stress and practicing them in situations
Education
Coping skills acquisition
Application
Used for anxiety, anger, and pain
Good evidence for PTSD
29
Q

Problem-solving therapy

A

Generates many possible effective solutions
Helps choose the best ones
Implements and evaluates the chosen solution
Treats immediate problem and prepares to cope with future ones.
Used with depression, anxiety, eating disorders, caregivers
More effective than wait-list but only trending effective with active comparisons
Reduces depression significantly in older adults
Might be better for people with biases against therapy

30
Q

Relapse prevention

A

Procedures used to handle inevitable setbacks that occur in coping with real-life stressors.
Identify high risk situations
Learn coping skills (assertiveness, relaxation, social communication)
Practice coping skills
Creating a lifestyle balance (activity scheduling)
Used in substance related disorders and tx packages

31
Q

5 core themes of third generation therapies

A 
Expanded view of psychological health
Broad view of acceptable outcomes
Acceptance
Mindfulness
Creating a life worth living
32
Q

DBT

A

balance of radical acceptance with validation and change

1) stabilize client and achieve bxl control
2) replace quiet desperation with non-traumatic emotional experiencing
3) achieve ordinary happiness and unhappiness
4) resolve sense of incompleteness and achieve joy

Better to use the whole training. Used for people with borderline personality disorder

33
Q

ACT

A

Accept life as it is and mindfully accept your distressing thoughts and feelings. Identify core values and commit to bx that furthers them

Experiential acceptance
Cognitive defusion
Self as context
Contact with present moment
Values
Committed action

In those with social anxiety disorder, CBT and ACT were effective. ACT showed greater anxiety reduction post and follow up compared to CBT

34
Q

MBSR

A

Mindfulness of breath
Body scan
Mindful yoga
Walking meditation

35
Q

Evidence for mindfulness

A

moderate effect sizes for anxiety, depression, and pain

Lowe evidence of improved distress or QoL, weight, sleep, substance use

36
Q

MBCT

A

helping to disengage and disidentify from depressing thoughts.
Might be better for people with multiple depression relapses
Used with chronic depression and bipolar
Equally as effective as medication

37
Q

Applications for Health Psychology

A

Treatment of Medical Disorders
Adherence to Medical Regimens
Coping with Medical Procedures and Illness
Prevention of Illness

38
Q

Studies using Contingency Management

A

Petry (2000) fishbowl procedure with alcoholics. “Good job” “small slips” “big slips”
Lewinsohn behavioral activation for depression. Dimidijan (2006) BA comparable to meds.

Cognitive Behavior Therapy (1 decks)

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