CBL Flashcards
Confusion, Ataxia, Ophthalmoplegia, Anisocoria- unequal pupil sizes, and Nystagmus are wernickes or korsakoff?
**wernicke’s encephalitis **
physical and cognitive
Severe impairments in immediate recall, Anterograde or retrograde amnesia, Disorientation, Emotional changes, and Confabulation is wernicke’s or korsakoff?
**Korsakoff’s psychosis **
cognitive and behavorial impairments
This is a congenital condition where structural abnormalities lead to herniation of CBL through foramen magnum
Chiari Malformations
What is the most common type of Chiari Malformation and which population does it happen in?
Type 1
teens or adulthood
How might Chiari Malformation present?
hint: CN 8 is hit
tinnitus
incoordination and balance
hearing impairment
dizziness
vomitting
also: occipital headache
What is the prognosis associated with Friedreich’s Ataxia? What is the most common cause of death?
Mortality between 40-60s
Heart disease is most common form of death
Spinocerebellar ataxia attacks —- and —-
- CBL ( efferent and afferent structures)
-
CNS structures
- BG
- brainstem nuclei
- spinal cord
so UMN and LMN signs
This type of SCA is a motor dominant neuropathy, affects vision, cognition, and will present asymmetrically
Type 1
Type 2 SCA ataxia mostly has —- involvement
eye involvement ( Retinal degeneration, which may be associated with ophthalmoplegia)
SCA Type 3 mostly involves ——
truncal and appendicular, **gait ataxia **
SCA Type 4 mostly involves ——
myoclonus and deafness
Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) includes these 3 components
- gait
- standing and dynamic blance
- coordination exam
***doesn’t account for oculomotor ( vision)
The SARA is not for these types of SCA
- motor + eye
- mostly eye
Which is a poorer prognosis for recovery - deeper nuclear involvement or CBL cortex
deeper nuclear involvement
Hypermetria —- limb inertia and —-shoots
underestimates limb inertia and overshoots
most common
Hypometria —- limb inertia and — shoots
overestimates limb inertia and undershoots to target
fixed internal model –> dec. adaptability
internal model is developed/updated from sensory prediction error. what is SPE?
Difference btw how it’s supposed to look and what actually happens
normal CBL fxn: learn from mistakes and creates an automatic framework for activity
CBL is a feedforward system. What does this mean?
CBL corrects motion during the motion and predicts what it will look like before the motion ( internal model)
In CBL leisons the feedfoward system is broken. How will this present and what system will be utilized?
- less automatic
- higher reliance on feedback system
In the CBL exam these 3 tests will be normal
- strength
- SS
- tone
Why will passive proprioception will normal but not active in CBL exam?
Direct connections to CBL with functional mvmts = this is impacted by feedforward system which is the one that is hit
In these 2 conditions focus less on error based learning
- FND
- CBL
