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CBIS Flashcards

1
Q

Acquired Brain Injury

A

not hereditary, congenital, degenerative, or induced by birth trauma

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2
Q

Non Traumatic Brain Injury

A

Traumatic Inertial
a. Anoxia
b. Infections
c. Strokes
d. Tumors
e. Metabolic Disorders

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3
Q

TBI

A

caused by an external force

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4
Q

Leading cause of TBI

A

falls

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5
Q

Leading cause of TBI related death

A

MVC

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6
Q

Mild TBI

A

GCS=13-16

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7
Q

Moderate TBI

A

GCS=9-12

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8
Q

Severe TBI

A

LOS 24 hours or greater
CGS-under 8

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9
Q

Persistent Post Concussive Symptoms

A

symptoms of a concussion lasting for weeks or months

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10
Q

Most important factor in the impact of brain injury

A

age

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11
Q

How many TBI occur a year?

A

2.5 million

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12
Q

Acute Care

A

ICU, ED

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13
Q

Post Acute

A

Inpatient rehab

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14
Q

Long Term

A

Residential/Community Care

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15
Q

Rehab Act of 1973

A

Return to work programs

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16
Q

TBI Model Systems of 1987

A

Longintudial Research

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17
Q

TBI Act of 1996

A

providing funding for extended research

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18
Q

Olmstead Decision of 1999

A

Integration into community for inidivudals with disabilities

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19
Q

How likely is someone with a TBI to die from a seizure disorder?

A

37

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20
Q

Second Impact Syndrome

A

Second impact syndrome: occurs when an athlete or individual sustains an initial concussion And then sustains a second head injury before symptoms from the first have fully resolved; it can occur minutes days or weeks after the initial concussion

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21
Q

CTE

A

Also known as dementia pugilistica, CTE refers to a condition, diagnosed after death, relative to multiple concussions caused by significant force. A progressive degenerative disease, CTE is most often sustained by athletes participating in contact sports, where it is sometimes termed punch drunk. May also be observed in domestic violence victims or abused children who have sustained numerous blows to the head

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22
Q

Meninges

A

Pia Mater
Arachnid
Dura Mater

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23
Q

Brainstem

A

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla

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24
Q

Diencephalon

A

Thirst and Hunger

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25
Q

Diencephalon contains

A

Thalamus and Hypothalamus

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26
Q

Limbic system contains

A

Hippocampus, Amygdala

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27
Q

Cerebellum is responsible for..

A

balance

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28
Q

Hippocampus is responsible for..

A

LTM

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29
Q

Lobes

A

frontal, temporal, occipital, parietal

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30
Q

Frontal

A

Executive functioning

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31
Q

Pre frontal cortex

A

working memory

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32
Q

Temporal

A

Sensory processing, language, long term memory

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33
Q

temporal lobe contains the..

A

hypothalamus

34
Q

Occipital

A

vision

35
Q

Parietal

A

Primary Sensory and Somoatosensory

36
Q

Synaptogenesis

A

formation of synapses

37
Q

Aspiration pneumonia

A

fluid in the lungs that causes pneumonia from swallowing food

38
Q

o Contractures

A

abnormal, permanent condition of joints by decreased range of motion

39
Q

o Hyperreflexia

A

involuntary increase in muscle tone and exaggerated deep tendon reflexes

40
Q

o Spasticity

A
41
Q

o Heterotrophic Ossification:

A

formation of new bone around joints as a consequence of trauma or immobility

42
Q

Swallowing complications are relevant in serve tbi in

A

90 percent, 63 in oral, 73 in pharyngeal

43
Q

Dysphagia

A

swallowing problems

44
Q

how many people have changed in libido after tbi?

A

40-60 percent

45
Q

Who is most vulnerable to pressure sores?

A

Those who are physically dependent on others

46
Q

Headache Assessment

A

COLDER: assessment for headache
Character (sensation & intensity)
Onset (timing)
Location (where does it start, radiate?)
Duration
Exacerbation
Relief

47
Q

how many people experience fatigue

A

30-70 percent

48
Q

Why are there not any objective measures of fatigue?

A

subjective

49
Q

Disorders of consciousness

A

coma, vegetative, minimally conscious

50
Q

Cognition

A

how thoughts influence behavior

51
Q

o Metacognition

A

thinking about thinking

52
Q

Anosognosia

A

Diminished self-awareness and failure to recognize of ones disability

53
Q

Sustained Attention

A

ability to maintain attention and complete task over a period of time

54
Q

Explicit Memory

A

sematic/episodic

55
Q

Implicit Memory

A

procedural

56
Q

Compensatory Rehab

A

Never recover full function and uses strategy training to adapt

57
Q

Restorative Rehab

A

uses repeated exposure and repetition for cognitive training and neuroplasticity

58
Q

Functional Training

A

real world improvements in daily functioning

59
Q

o Coma-emergent agitation:

A

Environmental Management: Reduce noise and other stimuli, limit visitors, eliminate tv, incorporate familiar objects, provide safety, same staff, routines, orientation, redirection, movement,

60
Q

Frequency

A

times behavior occurs

61
Q

Rate

A

count per unit

62
Q

Duration

A

how long

63
Q

Latency

A

time between stimulus and behavior

64
Q

positive reinforcement

A

stimulus added to increase behavior

65
Q

negative reinforcement

A

removing stimulus to increase behavior

66
Q

Intermittent Reinforcement

A

sometimes provides reinforcement (slot machine)

67
Q

most common psychological symptoms

A

depression

68
Q

Prevalence of substance use

A

20 percent alcohol
10 percent drugs

69
Q

Age of most brain maturation

A

0-5

70
Q

how many people with shaken baby syndrome have long term disabilities

A

70-80

71
Q

Most common TBI in adolescents

A

mtbi

72
Q

Section 504 of Rehab Act of 1973

A

requires schools to provide reasonable accommodations to allow individuals with disabilities to participate

73
Q

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act IDEA

A

mandate to provide public education throughout special education and support services

74
Q

How many people in the military report TBI?

A

56 percent of people in the military have reported a mild TBI

75
Q

Who shows the most care giver burn out?

A

parents

76
Q

Early outcome measure

A

Glasgow

77
Q

Diffuse axonal injury

A

brain injury occurring when the white matter tracts are stretched and broken, resulting in
extensive, widespread damage
○ Axon is sheared and neuron cant communicate properly since neuron communicates through axons
○ Releases tau when neuron is sheared; prevalent in CTE (boxers)

78
Q

Limbic System

A

hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, hypothalamus

79
Q

Dysautonomia

A
  • sometimes called autonomic storming - refers to failure of the sympathetic or parasympathetic components of
    the autonomic (involuntary) nervous system.
80
Q

Excitotoxicity:

A

The process by which nerve cells are damaged and die due to over excitation; Occurs when a neuron
is no longer able to maintain its resting potential as a result of impairment of the sodium potassium pump in
combination with large scale increases and extracellular excitatory neurotransmitters such as glutamate

81
Q

Spacicity

A

involuntary, abnormal motoric patterns;

82
Q

Primary cause of sexual dysfunction

A

neuroendocrine changes; hypothalamus and pituitary damage

CBIS (1 decks)

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