CBG.01

Question 1

The central dogma of molecular biology

Answer 1

Sequential information in a protein cannot flow back to the nucleic acid

Question 2

Prokaryotic structure of genetic material

Answer 2

No nucleus
circular chromosome
DNA is free in the cytoplasm
In region of MBP
Covalently closed

Question 3

Eukarytoic strucutre of genetic material

Answer 3

Nucelus bound by a double mebrane
Linear arrangment of chromsomes in region of GBP
+ strands are in the five to three direction
3 prime end overhangs to allow telomeres to form
Histone proteins

Question 4

Prokaryote vs Eukaryote ribosomes

Answer 4

Prokaryote - 70S

Eukaryote - 80S

Question 5

Difference between the cytoskelton of Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Answer 5

Prokaryotes - FtsZ and MreB.
Cytoskelton elements play essential roles in cell division, protection, shape determination and polarity determination
FtsZ - forms filamentous ring strucutre located in the middle of the cell called the Z-ring that constricts during cell division, similar to the actin myson contractile ring in eukaryotes.

Eukaryotes have a 9+2 falgella structure. And a network of protein fibres - microfilaments(actin). intermediate filaments, and microtubules (tubulin)

Question 6

What is the differenc ein size between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Answer 6

Prokaryotes tend to be on average 1 micrometre, as they are size limted due to relying on diffusion for nutriens and survival, there are however exceptions. Eukaryotes tend to be larger as their cytoskelton allows them to mix up the cytosol.

Question 7

Bacteria transcription factors

Answer 7

sigma factor

Question 8

Eukaryote and Archea Transcription factors

Answer 8

many - including the Tata binding proteins (E)
and aTBP (A)

Question 9

Prokaryote initiator tRNA

Answer 9

Formyl mehthionone

Question 10

Eukaryote and Archea initiator tRNA

Answer 10

methionine