Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RBCs > CBC and Other Studies > Flashcards

CBC and Other Studies Flashcards

1
Q

What are the components of a CBC?

A 
Hb, Hct, RBC count
RBC indices
WBC count w/ differential
Platelet count
Evaluation of blood morphology
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define anemia.

A

Decreased Hb, Hct, or RBC concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Detail O2 content in a patient with anemia.

A

O2 content includes Hb concentration, SaO2, PaO2. The latter 2 variables are normal, Hb concentration is decreased, therefore, O2 content is decreased.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Is anemia a diagnosis?

A

No- anemia is a sign of underlying disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the general clinical symptoms of anemia?

A

Fatigue, dyspnea with exertion, inability to concentrate, dizziness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the general clinical signs of anemia?

A

Pallor of skin/conjunctivae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the RBC indices?

A

MCV, MCHC, RDW

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define MCV.

A

Average volume of RBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define microcytic and macrocytic RBCs.

A

Microcytic is less than 80.

Macrocytic is greater than 100.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define MCHC.

A

Average Hb concentration in RBCs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does decreased MCHC indicate?

A

Decreased synthesis of Hb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

With a decrease in MCHC, the central area of pallor is greater than normal. What is this called?

A

Hypochromasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does increased MCHC indicate?

A

Spherical RBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What term refers to a lack of central pallor?

A

Hyperchromasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define RDW.

A

Reflects variation in size of RBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The RDW is useful in distinguishing iron deficiency from other causes of microcytic anemias, why?

A

Iron deficiency is the most common microcytic anemia with an increased RDW.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What organelles do RBCs lack?

A

Mitochondria

Nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the end product of anaerobic glycolysis?

A

Lactic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Briefly describe the Cori cycle.

A

RBCs turn glucose into lactic acid. Lactic acid enters liver and is used in gluconeogenesis. Glucose is used by RBCs.

20
Q

The pentose phosphate pathway produces what antioxidant?

A

GSH- glutathione

21
Q

What is the function of glutathione?

A

Neutralizes FRs

22
Q

What is the function of the metHb reductase pathway used by RBCs?

A

Reductase system converts ferric (3+) iron to ferrous (2+) iron

23
Q

What is the function of the Luebering-Rapoport pathway?

A

Synthesizes 2,3-BPG- shifts oxygen binding curve to the right

24
Q

What is the normal life span of a RBC?

A

4 months

25
Q

Where are senescent RBCs phagocytosed?

A

Cords of Billroth by splenic macrophages

26
Q

What product is formed by splenic macrophage breakdown of heme?

A

Unconjugated bilirubin

27
Q

What are the components of the iron studies?

A

Serum ferritin
Serum iron
TIBC
% saturation

28
Q

Define serum ferritin.

A

Iron binding storage protein

29
Q

What cells synthesize ferritin.

A

Bone marrow macrophages

Hepatocytes

30
Q

Macrophages are the primary storage site for ferritin (iron), where does most macrophage iron come from?

A

Phagocytosis of senescent RBCs

31
Q

Detail ferritin synthesis in inflammation.

A

Ferritin synthesis increases - release of IL-6

32
Q

What condition is diagnosed by decreased serum ferritin?

A

Iron deficiency

33
Q

Define hemosiderin.

A

Insoluble product of ferritin degradation in lysosomes

34
Q

Define serum iron.

A

Iron that is bound to transferrin

35
Q

Define serum total iron binding capacity.

A

Correlates with concentration of transferrin

36
Q

What is a normal serum iron and TIBC?

A

Serum iron ~100

TIBC ~300

37
Q

When is serum iron increased?

A

Iron overload diseases

38
Q

When is serum iron decreased?

A

Iron deficiency

Anemia of chronic disease

39
Q

Detail the relationship of transferrin synthesis with ferritin stores in macrophages.

A

Increased ferritin leads to decreased liver synthesis of transferrin
Decreased ferritin leads to increased liver synthesis of transferrin

40
Q

Define iron saturation.

A

The percentage of binding sites on transferrin occupied by iron

41
Q

What formula is used to calculate iron saturation?

A

Iron saturation = serum iron/TIBC *100

42
Q

When is iron saturation decreased?

A

Iron deficiency

Anemia of chronic disease

43
Q

What test is used to detect hemoglobinopathies?

A

Hb electrophoresis

44
Q

What are normal Hb detected in adults?

A

HbA has 2α/2β globin chains (97% in adults)
HbA2 has 2α/2δ globin chains (2% in adults)
HbF has 2α/2γ globin chains (1% in adults)

45
Q

What are abnormal Hbs?

A

Sickle Hb, HbH, Hb Bart

RBCs (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions