CBC Flashcards
Total number of WBC
Leukocytes
Percentage of each type of WBC
Differential
Primary component of differential
Neutrophils
Elevated neutrophils
Think acute bacterial infection
Elevated lymphocytes (t-cells, b-cells)
Think viral or chronic infection
Eosinophils and Basophils
A/w allergic rxn
Bands or baby neutrophils
Think acute bacterial infection
Becz body is making more neutrophils to fight you see immature ones in the smear
Viral infection Overwhelming bacterial infxn Bone marrow fail Drug tox autoimmune disease
Decreased leukocytes/WBC count (leukopenia)
Inflammation Bacterial Infection Neoplasm Leukomoid response Glucosteroid use
Leukocytosis
elevated total WBC count/leukocytes
Typical response to bacterial infection
Left shift:
increased neutophils % w/ bands
decreased lymphocyte %
Markedly elevated WBC >50,000
A/w infection
Leukemoid response
-often initially confused with leukemia
Neutrophilia
elevated neutrophil count
Bacterial Infections Leukemia Inflammation Medications Stress
Neutropenia
decreased neutrophils
Viral Infection
Aplastic anemia
Overwhelming bacterial infection
Drugs
Lymphotcytosis
elevated lymphocyte count
Viral infections
Lymphocytic leukemia
Lymphocytopenia
decreased lymphocyte count
Corticosteroids Immunodeficiency disease (late HIV)
NAACP for elevated eosinophil count
Neoplasm Allergic rxn Addison's disease Collagen vascular disease Parasites Coccidiomycosis
These do NOT respond to bacterial infections
Eosinophils
Basophils
Elevated Monocyte count
Chronic inflam disorders
Viral infections like mononucleosis
Micro hypo anemia
Fe def
Micro hypo w/ basophilic stippling
Lead poisoning
Mild to no anemia with small RBC (microcytosis)
Thalassemia
Dx of thalassemia
Hemoglobin Electrophoresis
Relative polycythemia (increased Hgb/Hct)
decreased plasma vol, dehydration
Elevated Hct w/ normal RBC mass
Absolute polycythemia (increased Hgb/Hct) -true increase in RBC mass
- Polycythemia vera: elevated Hct w/ increased RBC mass
- Secondary plycythemia: d/t increased erythropoietin production
Some people who smoke at high altitudes have
Secondary Polycythemia
If platelet count <20,000
Pt may bleed spontaneously
Thrombocytosis (increased platelet levels)
Malignancy
main cause to remember
Thrombocytopenia (decreased platelet levels)
ITP and TTP(rare) Leukemia Cirrhosis DIC Anemia
More common in kids
Autoimmune (AB against own platelets)
Often no sx except bleeding (epistaxis, petechiae)
Platelets markedly low (<10,000)
ITP
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura)
