Cb3 Flashcards
What is a phenotype
How your characteristics appear, your physical features.
What does homozygous mean?
Two alleles which are the same e.g. TT or tt.
What is heterozygous?
Two alleles which are different e.g. Tt.
What is a gene?
A short section of a chromosome that makes one protein
and controls one characteristic.
What is a chromosome?
Found inside the nucleus – long lengths of tightly coiled
DNA.
What is dna?
The genetic material – a polymer made of sugar and
phosphate groups joined to bases.
What is an allele?
A different version of the same gene.
What is a diploid cell?
Cells which contain the full normal number of chromosomes
– 46 in total.
What is a haploid cell?
Cells which contain half the normal number of chromosomes
– 23 in total.
What is a zygote?
A fertilised egg cell.
What is a mutation?
A mistake in a gene caused by an error in the DNA.
What is a gamete?
Sex cells – sperm and egg.
What is meiosis
Cell division to produce 4 gametes.
What is your genotype?
The alleles you inherit from your parents e.g. Aa or GG.
What is mitosis?
Cell division to produce 2 normal body cells.
