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CB2 Cells and Control > CB2A Mitosis > Flashcards

CB2A Mitosis Flashcards

1
Q

What is the cell cycle

A

A series of events that take place in a cell involving cell growth, DNA replication and cell division
It is described as the lifecycle of a cell

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2
Q

What are the the two phases of the cell cycle

A

Interphase
Mitosis

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3
Q

What is the interphase

A

The cell makes extra sub-cellular cell parts
DNA replication

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4
Q

What does DNA replication involve

A

Double helix ‘unzips’ exposing two strands
DNA align next to complementary bases on the DNA strands
Complementary base pairs join
Two identical DNA molecules formed

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5
Q

What is a chromosome

A

A linear DNA molecule tightly coiled around proteins

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6
Q

What happens to chromosomes during DNA replication

A

The DNA in the ‘arm’ of each chromosome is replicated

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7
Q

What is mitosis

A

A form of cell division that produces two diploid ‘daughter’ cells, both genetically identical to the parent cell

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8
Q

Why is mitosis important in organisms

A

Asexual reproduction
Growth
Repair of damaged cells
Cell replacement

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9
Q

State the five stages of mitosis

A

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis

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10
Q

What is the prophase

A

Nucleus starts to break down and spindle fibres appear

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11
Q

What happens in the metaphase

A

The chromosomes line up on the spindle fibres across the middle of the cell

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12
Q

What happens in the anaphase

A

The chromosome copies are seperate and moved to either end of the cell on the spindle fibres

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13
Q

What is the telophase

A

A membrane forms around each set of chromosomes to form nuclei

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14
Q

What happens in cytokinesis

A

Division of the cell membrane and cytoplasm
Two genetically identical ‘daughter’ cells produced

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15
Q

What is asesxual reproduction

A

Some organisms can reproduce using just one parent

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16
Q

What is cancer

A

Non-communicable disease
Uncontrolled cell division (due to damaged DNA) results in the formation of a primary tumour
Tumour cells break off and spread to other tissues forming secondary tumours

17
Q

What does mitosis result in

A

the production of two daughter cells, each with identical sets of chromosomes in the nucleus to the parent cell, and that this results in the formation of two genetically identical diploid body cells

CB2 Cells and Control (5 decks)

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