CB22x: The Ancient Greek Hero Flashcards
from the eighth century down to roughly the middle of the fifth
archaic
roughly, the second half of the fifth century
classical
fourth century and beyond
post-classical
Before the Common Era
BCE
Common Era
CE
Death of Socrates
399 BCE
a convenient point for dividing classical and post-classical era
Death of Socrates, 399 BCE
_______ was a cultural constellation of competing city-states that had a single language in common
Ancient Greece
the most prominent of the ancient Greek city-states (5)
Athens, Sparta, Corinth, Argos, and Thebes, all of them located in the part of the Mediterranean region that we know today as “modern Greece.”
Greek city of __________, later to be called Constantinople (now Istanbul)
Byzantium
arguably greatest of all Greek cities in the ancient world, _________, founded by Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE.
Alexandria
Greek cities east of mainland Greece, facing the coast of Asia Minor
Miletus and Smyrna (now Izmir)
facing the coast of Asia Minor were Greek island states (name 2)
Samos and Chios
to the North was a federation of Greek cities located both on the island of _______ and on the facing mainland of Asia Minor
Lesbos
Still further to the North, guarding the entrance to the Black Sea, was the Greek city of ______
Byzantium
Far to the South, in African Libya, was the Greek city of _______
Cyrene
To the West were other great Greek cities like _______ in the island of Sicily as well as _______ and _______ (now Napoli or Naples) in what is now the modern state of Italy
Syracuse, Tarentum, Neapolis
Still further to the West, in what is now the modern state of France, was the Greek (formerly Phoenician) city of ______ (now Marseille)
Massalia
Greek word for “city-state”
polis
Aristotle made a basic observation about the ancient Greek polis in a treatise known today as the Politics
A human [anthrōpos] is by nature an organism of the polis [politikon zōion]
What Aristotle is really saying here is that humans achieve their ultimate potential within a society that is the polis.
Another name by which Troy was known
Ilion
works of Hesiod HEE zee uhd
Theogony, Works and Days
alternative Homeric names for the Greeks (3)
Achaeans, Argives, Danaans
epic
an expansive poem of enormous scope, composed in an old-fashioned and superbly elevated style of language, concerning the wondrous deeds of heroes
exegesis \ˌek-sə-ˈjē-səs, ˈek-sə-ˌ\
an ancient Greek term referring to a close reading of a given text
kleos
glory, fame, that which is heard’; or, ‘the poem or song that conveys glory, fame, that which is heard; plural: klea
hōrā (plural hōrai)
season, seasonality, the right time, the perfect time
mūthos
something said for the record; a speech-act indicating authority, performed at length, usually in public, with a focus on full attention to every detail
philoi
near and dear; friends; a term of endearment, an emotional term
memnēmai
I have total recall; I remember; memory by way of song.
andrōn
men
klea andrōn
glories of men
agorā
plural agorai ‘public assembly, place of public assembly’
aidōs
shame, sense of shame; sense of respect for others; honorableness
ainos
‘authoritative utterance for and by a social group; praise; fable’; ainigma ‘riddle’
akhos
grief, public expression of grief by way of lamentation or keening
akhos
grief, public expression of grief by way of lamentation or keening
aphthito
imperishable, unfailing, unwilting
atē, plural atai
aberration, derangement, veering off-course; disaster; punishment for disaster
penthos
grief, public expression of grief by way of lamentation or keening
daimōn
plural daimones ‘superhuman force (= unspecified god or hero) intervening in human life’; eudaimoniā ‘state of being blessed with a good daimōn’
agorā
plural agorai ‘public assembly, place of public assembly’
aidōs
shame, sense of shame; sense of respect for others; honorableness
ainos
‘authoritative utterance for and by a social group; praise; fable’; ainigma ‘riddle’
akhos
grief, public expression of grief by way of lamentation or keening
akhos
grief, public expression of grief by way of lamentation or keening
aphthito
imperishable, unfailing, unwilting
atē, plural atai
aberration, derangement, veering off-course; disaster; punishment for disaster
penthos
grief, public expression of grief by way of lamentation or keening
daimōn
plural daimones ‘superhuman force (= unspecified god or hero) intervening in human life’; eudaimoniā ‘state of being blessed with a good daimōn’
therapōn
attendant; ritual substitute
sēma (plural sēmata)
sign, signal, symbol; tomb, tomb of a hero
