C.B. Vertebrates

Question 1

Vertebrates

Answer 1

an animal that has a backbone

Question 2

Endotherms

Answer 2

an organism that needs sources outside of itself

Question 3

Ectotherms

Answer 3

an animal that can use body heat from chemical reactions in the body’s cells to maintain a consistant body temp.

Question 4

Lateral Line

Answer 4

a faint line visible on both sides of a fish’s body that runs the length of the body and marks the location of sense organs that detect vibrations in water

Question 5

Gills

Answer 5

a respiratory organ in which oxygen from the water is exchanged with carbon dioxide from the blood

Question 6

Jawless Fishes (2 examples)

Answer 6

agnatha, lamprey, and hagfish

Question 7

Cartilaginous Fishes (3 examples)

Answer 7

Cartilaginous fish (scientific name Chondrichthyes) have a skeleton made from cartilage instead of bone. Cartilage is tough and flexible and provides enough structural support to allow these fish to grow to very large sizes. Cartilaginous fish include sharks, rays, skates and chimaeras.

Question 8

Bony Fishes (3 examples)

Answer 8

cichild, lungfish, tuna

Question 9

Swim Bladder

Answer 9

in bony fishes, a gas-filled sac tat is used to control buoyancy/ aka gasbladder

Question 10

Amphibians

Answer 10

Amphibians are ectothermic, tetrapod vertebrates of the class Amphibia. Modern amphibians are all Lissamphibia. They inhabit a wide variety of habitats, with most species living within terrestrial, fossorial, arboreal or freshwater aquatic ecosystems.

Question 11

Tadpole

Answer 11

the aquatic, fish-shaped larva of a frog or toad

Question 12

Metamorphosis

Answer 12

a phase in the life cycle of many animals during which a rapid change from the immature form of an organism to the adult form takes place

Question 13

Caecilians (description)

Answer 13

Caecilians (New Latin, blind ones) are a group of limbless, serpentine amphibians. They mostly live hidden in the ground, making them the least familiar order of amphibians.

Question 14

Salamanders (description)

Answer 14

Salamanders are a group of amphibians typically characterized by a lizard-like appearance, with slender bodies, blunt snouts, short limbs projecting at right angles to the body, and the presence of a tail in both larvae and adults.

Question 15

Frogs (description)

Answer 15

A frog is any member of a diverse and largely carnivorous group of short-bodied, tailless amphibians composing the order Anura (Ancient Greek an-, without + oura, tail). The oldest fossil “proto-frog” appeared in the early Triassic of Madagascar, but molecular clock dating suggests their origins may extend further back to the Permian, 265 million years ago

Question 16

Toads (description)

Answer 16

Toad is a common name applied to certain frogs, especially of the family Bufonidae,[1] that are characterized by dry, leathery skin, short legs, and parotoid glands.[citation needed]

Question 17

Reptiles

Answer 17

Reptiles are tetrapod (four-limbed vertebrate) animals in the class Reptilia, comprising today’s turtles, crocodilians, snakes, amphisbaenians, lizards, tuatara, and their extinct relatives. The study of these traditional reptile orders, historically combined with that of modern amphibians, is called herpetology

Question 18

Amniotic Eggs

Answer 18

Amniotes (from Greek ἀμνίον amnion, “membrane surrounding the fetus”, earlier “bowl in which the blood of sacrificed animals was caught”, from ἀμνός amnos, “lamb”[1]) are a clade of tetrapod vertebrates comprising the reptiles, birds, and mammals that lay their eggs on land or retain the fertilized egg within the mother.

Question 19

Turtles (description)

Answer 19

Turtles are reptiles of the order Testudines (or Chelonii[3]) characterised by a special bony or cartilaginous shell developed from their ribs and acting as a shield.[4] “Turtle” may refer to the order as a whole (American English) or to fresh-water and sea-dwelling testudines

Question 20

Tortoises (description)

Answer 20

Tortoises (/ˈtɔːr.təs.ᵻz/) are a family, Testudinidae, of land-dwelling reptiles in the order Testudines. Tortoises are shielded from predators by a shell. The top part of the shell is the carapace, the underside is the plastron, and the two are connected by the bridge.

Question 21

Crocodiles (description)

Answer 21

Crocodiles (subfamily Crocodylinae) or true crocodiles are large aquatic reptiles that live throughout the tropics in Africa, Asia, the Americas and Australia. Crocodylinae, all of whose members are considered true crocodiles, is classified as a biological subfamily

Question 22

Alligators (description)

Answer 22

An alligator is a crocodilian in the genus Alligator of the family Alligatoridae. The two living species are the American alligator (A. mississippiensis) and the Chinese alligator (A. sinensis). In addition, several extinct species of alligator are known from fossil remains.

Question 23

Snakes (description)

Answer 23

Snakes are elongated, legless, carnivorous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes[2] that can be distinguished from legless lizards by their lack of eyelids and external ears. Like all squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales

Question 24

Lizards (description)

Answer 24

Lizards are a widespread group of squamate reptiles, with over 6,000 species,[1] ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most oceanic island chains.

Question 25

Tuataras (description)

Answer 25

Tuatara are reptiles endemic to New Zealand. Although resembling most lizards, they are part of a distinct lineage, the order Rhynchocephalia.[2] Their name derives from the Māori language, and means “peaks on the back”.[3] The single species of tuatara is the only surviving member of its order, which flourished around 200 million years ago.[4] Their most recent common ancestor with any other extant group is with the squamates (lizards and snakes).