Causes of Political Revolution May - October 1789 Flashcards
1
Q
What are 3 examples of crowd action from May - October 1789?
A
- Storming of the Bastille (SoB)
- La Grande Peur
- October Days
2
Q
When was the SoB?
A
14th July
3
Q
Describe the events of the day of the SoB
A
- Crowd of 8000 descended on Les Invalides (home for veterans)
- Found 32,000 muskets and artillery
- Heard rumours there were barrels of gunpowder at the Bastille
- National Guard, Commune and a crowd of workers made their way there
- Some focred their way into the courtyard and firing killed about 70 people
4
Q
Consequences of the SoB
A
- King persuaded to go to Paris on 17th July with Natioanal Assembly members t oaddress the PArisians
- He announced the reinstatement of Necker, accepting the NA, NG and Paris Commune
5
Q
When was La Grande Peur?
A
17th July - 3rd August
6
Q
Describe how the Great Fear began
A
- Peasants in the countryside faced great hardships following the 1789 spring drought
- Inspired by the SoB, peasants in Normandy risen up
- Stories spread of brigands stealing grain from fields and preparing to attack fields of grain and so there was a fear about famine
- There were also rumours of nobles on their way back from abroad with foreign armies seeking vengeance on the peasants
7
Q
Describe the events of the Great Fear
A
- The belief that grain merchants and landlords were making a profit out of a scarce grain supply convinced peasants it was only right for them to attack grain convoys
- Attacks on chateaux was a common characteristic of La Grande Peur
- However, some areas remained unaffected and it was not a very bloody ordeal
8
Q
What were the short term causes of the October Days?
A
- A banquet was held to celebrate the return of the King’s Flanders regiment in late September acted as a catalyst
- In early October, Louis summoned troops to Paris and this caused fears that the NA would close
9
Q
When did the October Days begin?
A
5th October
10
Q
Describe the events of the October Days
A
- 6000-7000 (mainly women) marched from Paris to Versailles
- Lafayette followed with the NG to maintain peace
- Louis allowed the crowds into the courtyard of the palace and pressed Louis for action
- Guards killed and heads put on spikes
- Lafayette restored order but the ordeal was tense
11
Q
What did Louis promise as a consequence of the October Days?
A
- Provide more grain for the Parisians
- Accept the August Decrees
- Accept the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
12
Q
What were the other consequences of the October Days?
A
- 6th October: the royal family went to Paris and were escorted by the people and the NG to the Tuileries palace
- Held there are prisoners although in theory protected by the NG = degrades symbolism of monarchy
- 2 weeks later, the NA moves to Paris and with the court and assembly in Paris, the King is under constant scrutiny of the Parisian mobs, the future of France is no longer in the hands of the King and his ministers
13
Q
Who were the most important in causing political revolution?
A
- The 3rd Estate deputies or bourgeoisie who represented the crowds
- Political revolution wouldn’t have come about without them taking initiative in June
14
Q
Which events demonstrate the actions fo the 3rd E deputies?
A
- Tennis Court Oath (TCO)
- Drawing up the August Decrees
- Drawing up the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen (DoRoMaC)
15
Q
Describe the events leading up to the TCO
A
- 17th June: during the EG, 3rd E representatives refuse to give up their seats to nobility; they establish NA by a vote of 491 to 90
- 18th June: they persuade clergymen to join and they did on 19th
