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LOW VISION > causes of LOW VISION > Flashcards

causes of LOW VISION Flashcards

1
Q

a patient having macular diseases will experience the ff:

A

Central vision loss

Color vision defect

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2
Q

a child with retinoblastoma will experience the ff:

A

Amaurotic Cat’s eye

Clumsy

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3
Q

the presence of silver-wire arterial reflex is observed in what grade of hypertensive retinopathy

A

Grade 3

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4
Q

the presence of copper-wire arterial reflex is observed in what grade of Hypertensive retinopathy

A

Grade - 2

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5
Q

Demarcation line is observed in what stage of Retinopathy of Prematurity:

A

Grade - 1

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6
Q

this type of hemorrhage located between vitreous and retina:

A

Pre-Retinal

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7
Q

This is a type of hemorrhage found between choroid and retina

A

Sub-retinal

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8
Q

There are two types of diabetic retinopathy, namely:

A

Proliferative, Non-Proliferative

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9
Q

There are two types of macular degeneration, namely:

A

Wet, Dry

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10
Q

This is the end stage of Retinopathy of Prematurity

A

Total Retinal detachment

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11
Q

This is a characteristic of Retinopathy of Prematurity

A

demarcation line

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12
Q

The ff. are the characteristics of retinitis pigmentosa

A
  • Bone spicule scattered at the peripheral fundus
  • Tubular visual field
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13
Q

It is a proliferative vascular disease that occurs after birth in low-birthweight and premature infants in whom the retinal vasculature is not fully developed

A

ROP

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14
Q

characteristics of retinoblastoma

A

It is characterized by the creamy pink, flat or elevated tumor on the retinal surface with chalky white calcium deposits

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15
Q

characteristics of toxoplasmosis

A
  • It is characterized by the presence of yellow-green scar about 3dd with black pigmentation
  • It is a parasitic retinopathy caused by an intracellular protozoan parasite
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16
Q

It is a degenerative disorder characterized by a slowly progressive deterioration of the cones and rods *

A

Cone-Rod Dystrophy

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17
Q

It is the separation of the retina at the macula

A

Macular detachment

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18
Q

It is a focal depression on the macula

A

Macular Hole

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19
Q

It is a thickening of the retina in the macular area extending within 1dd from the fovea centralis which is usually occurring after fluid accumulation

A

macular Edema

20
Q

It is a degenerative lesion of the macula associated with aging

A

Macular Degeneration

21
Q

A child with retinoblastoma will exhibit:

A

Leukocoria

22
Q

A person with retinitis pigmentosa will exhibit the ff. in his ocular fundus

A
  • Bone spicules at the peripheral fundus
  • arterial attenuation
23
Q

Peripheral vision problem is seen in the ff. ocular diseases

A
  • Retinitis pigmentosa
  • Glaucoma
24
Q

Blood and thunder fundus is seen in:

A

CRVO

25
Q

Salt and pepper appearance of fundus is seen in

A

retinitis pigmentosa

26
Q

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is due to

A

retinal break

27
Q

The most common intraocular tumour in children is

A

retinoblastoma

28
Q

The ff. are the structures of the posterior segment of the eye

A

Fovea Centralis, Macula, Optic disc, Retina

29
Q

clinical signs of retinitis pigmentosa

A

Threadlike arteries

30
Q

clinical signs of hypertensive retinopathy

A
  • Threadlike arteries
  • Presence of hemorrhages
31
Q

clinical signs of diabetic retinopathy

A
  • Presence of hemorrhages
  • increased tortuosity of veins
32
Q

The distinguishing characteristic of proliferative diabetic retinopathy is

A

Neovascularization of the optic disc

33
Q

The distinguishing characteristic of wet macular degeneration is

A

Neovascularization of the macula

34
Q

In retinal detachment, the separation occurs between

A

RPE and Photoreceptor layer

35
Q

This is a condition where there is separation of the two retinal layers, the retina proper and the pigmentary epithelium by the subretinal fluid

A

Retinal Detachment

36
Q

It is always due to a break in the retina in the form of a hole or tear. This allows the fluid from the vitreous to seep through and raise the retina from its bed *

A

Rhegmatogenous

37
Q

Peculiar yellow or white pupillary reflex called the “amaurotic cat’s eye” is usually noticed by the parents

A

Leukocoria

38
Q

There is obstruction to the venous circulation of the retina due to thrombosis or embolus

A

Central Retinal Vein Occlusion

CRVO

39
Q

It refers to the inflammation of the internal structures of the eye

A

Endophthalmitis

40
Q

This is the purulent inflammation of all the structures of the eye

A

Panophthalmitis

41
Q

It is the accumulation of fluid or hemorrhages in the macular area in a star-like pattern

A

Macular Star

42
Q

It is the post nasal myelination of optic nerve

A

Myelinated nerve fiber

43
Q

This is a semi-lunar white yellow patch located temporally and inferiorly

A

Crescent

44
Q

The ff. are true about diabetic retinopathy

A
  • Associated with diabetes mellitus
  • presence of soft and hard exudates
  • Retinal vascular disease
45
Q

The ff. are true about hypertensive retinopathy

A
  • Arteries present copper and silver wire reflex
  • Associated with systemic disease
  • Straightening of the blood vessels
46
Q

A condition in which half of the visual field is blind

A

Hemianopsia

47
Q

This a quadrant loss of the visual field

A

quadrantanopsia

LOW VISION (5 decks)

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