Causes of hypertension

Question 1

Renal causes

Answer 1

• Chronic renal disease
• Renal artery stenosis
• Renin-producing tumors
• Acute glomerulonephritis
• Polycystic disease
• Renal vasculitis

Question 2

Endocrine causes

Answer 2

• Cushing syndrome (adrenocortical hyperfunction)
• Exogenous hormones (i.e., glucocorticoids, estrogen)
• Pheochromocytoma
• Acromegaly
• Hypothyroidism (myxedema)
• Hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis)
• Pregnancy induced

Question 3

Cardiovascular causes

Answer 3

• Coarctation of the aorta
• Polyarteritis nodosa
• Increased intravascular volume
• Rigidity of the aorta
• Increased cardiac output

Question 4

Neurologic causes

Answer 4

• Psychogenic
• Increased intracranial pressure
• Sleep apnea
• Acute stress