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Causes Of Feb Rev Flashcards

1
Q

What did the Tsar do which affected grain and how was grain affected?

A

The Tsar stopped the exporting of grain

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2
Q

What did the Tsar ban and why?

A

Banned vodka to encourage discipline in the army and workforce

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3
Q

What did the army do instead of vodka

A

Drank eau de cologne, varnish and moonshine instead causing hundreds of deaths

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4
Q

What did Florinsky say when the Tsar banned Vodka permanently?

A

Said “never since the dawn of human history has a single country in a time of war renounced its principle source of revenue”

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5
Q

What did the Tsar make himself in 1915

A

Commander in chief of the army

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6
Q

How large was the Russian army in 1916?

A

14.6 million

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7
Q

How many casualties did the army have by 1916?

A

5.5 million

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8
Q

How many prisoners of war were there in 1916?

A

2.1 million

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9
Q

How many dead sick and wounded were there in 1916

A

3.4 million

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10
Q

Who made up most of the draftees? And how were they trained

A

Peasants

Insufficiently

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11
Q

What four things heightened poor morale?

A

Inadequate supplies, equipment, food and clothing

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12
Q

In 1914 how many rifles did infantry have for every three soldiers?

A

Two

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13
Q

How many guns did infantry have per battery in 1914?

A

4

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14
Q

In 1915 how many shells were the artillery limited to per day?

A

Two or three shells per day

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15
Q

What did Turkeys entry into the war close?

A

The Dardanelle Strait

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16
Q

Why was the closure of the Dardanelle Strait significant?

A

It had been a major route for supplying Russia from the West as Russian industry could not meet the demand of the army

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17
Q

When was the Battle of Tannenberg and how long did it last?

A

1914, lasted three days

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18
Q

How many of the Russian soldiers managed to escape Tannenberg?

A

10,000 out of 150,000

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19
Q

How many Russian prisoners did the Germans take at Tannenberg?

A

92,000

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20
Q

Who led an offensive against the Austro-Hungarian Army?

A

Brusilov

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21
Q

When was the offensive against the Austro Hungarian army?

A

June 1916

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22
Q

When was the offensive against the Austro Hungarian army called to a halt?

A

Autumn 1916

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23
Q

How many men had the army lost jn the offensive against the Austro-Hungarian army by autumn 1916?

A

Almost a million

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24
Q

How many were killed, wounded and missing at the First Battle of the Masurian Lakes?

A

100,000-125,000

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25
How many were taken prisoner at the First Battle of the Masurian Lakes?
30,000-45,000
26
How did Nicholas add to class problems in the army?
He made a large number of exemptions amongst the more privileged groups in society such as the educated and nobles and elites
27
How many desertions were there by 1916?
1.5 million
28
Why was there a decline in foreign trade as a result of world war one?
Germany had accounted for half of the total
29
What gad Russia achieved by 1914?
Financial stability
30
Hiw was Russia financially stable by 1914?
It was on the Gold Standard and had the largest gold reserves of any european country
31
What occurred with finance in 1916?
Ministry of finance began printing money
32
How did government spending rise between 1914-1917
From 4 million to 30 million rouble
33
What was abandoned when money was printed?
The gold standard
34
What did printing money lead to?
Rapid inflation
35
How much did the money supply and price of goods increase?
Money supply grew by 336% Prices increased 398%
36
How much did the price of Rye increase by?
47%
37
How much did the price of matches go up by?
500%
38
What did the “evils of inflation” create?
A hostile proletariat that became hostile to the government
39
How much did earnings and prices increase by?
Earnings 100% Prices 300%
40
Why was there an increase in disease?
Due to malnutrition and unsanitary living conditions
41
What did bad conditions make the workers?
Ripe for revolution
42
How many workers went on strike in Moscow in 1917?
30,000
43
How many workers went on strike in 1917 in Petrograd?
145,000
44
How much was rent for a corner of a room before the war?
2-3 roubles monthly
45
How much was rent for a corner of a room by 1916?
8-12 rouble
46
How much were boots before the war?
5-6 rouble
47
How much did boots cost in 1916?
20-30 roubles
48
What did the Tsars decision to become commander in chief make him?
A hostage to fortune
49
What was a major cause of Russias wartime shortages?
Transport
50
How many railway stations broke down in 1916?
575
51
How much of their food and fuel requirements were Petrograd and Moscow receiving in 1916?
A third
52
How many wagons of grain did Petrograd get in 1917 and how many did they need?
Needed 1000 got 300
53
When did the Putilov steel workers strike?
18th February
54
When were the Putilov workers joined by thousands of women?
23rd February, international womens day
55
What did the Tsar order Khabalov to do?
Restore order
56
What did Khabalov say about the situation in Petrograd?
That it was uncontrollable
57
What had Khabalov earlier begged the government to do?
Declare martial law
58
Why could martial law not be declared at this point
The martial law proclamation could not be printed let alone enforced
59
By 26th Feb, how many of the Petrograd garrison had deserted?
All but a few thousand
60
What was the first constitutional defiance of the Tsar?
When the Duma was dissolved, 12 members remained in session as a “provisional committee”
61
What did Kerensky call for the Tsar to do?
Stand down as the head of state of be deposed
62
What did the remaining minister do?
Used the pretext of an electricity failure to abandon their responsibilities and slip out of the capital
63
What did Rodzianko advise the Tsar?
That only his personal abdication could save the russian monarchy
64
What did some mutinous troops do?
Intercepted the royal train and diverted it away from petrograd
65
When did the Tsar abdicate?
2 March 1917
66
What happened to the Provisional Committee after the Tsar’s abdication?
It became the Provisional Government
67
How many troops are estimated to have supported the revolution?
150,000
68
What did the ban on vodka lead to?
A 30 % drop in revenue
69
Who was in charge in the Tsars absence?
The Tsarina
70
Why was the Tsarina unpopular
She was German and influenced by Rasputin who was also unpopular

Russian history (11 decks)

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