causes of dysphagia

Question 1

mechanical causes

Answer 1

cervical osteophytes

Question 2

cervical osteophytes

Answer 2

bony structure outgrows from cervical vertebrae

• due to trauma to cranial nerves
• narrows pharynx, directs bolus away

Question 3

Surgical causes

Answer 3

cancers

Question 4

head and neck cancers

Answer 4

partial/total glossectomies, hard/soft palate surgery, laryngectomy

Question 5

oral cavity carcinoma

Answer 5

-mastication difficulty, bolus transport difficulty, itraoral sensory loss

Question 6

laryngeal cancer

Answer 6

dysphagia common regarding airway protection, UES impairment

Question 7

Neurological

Answer 7

stroke, hunting tons, parkinson, cp, etc.

Question 8

cva

Answer 8

-depends on size and region
left side- oral phase prob
right side- pharyngeal function

Question 9

parkinsons

Answer 9

rigidity underlie VOLUNTARY stage of swallow

Question 10

MS

Answer 10

affects motor and sensory

ataxic-spastic most common

Question 11

ALS

Answer 11

only motor function affected

-swallowing disorder secondary to weakness

Question 12

latrogenic causes

Answer 12

-radiation, drying effect on mucosa

Question 13

pharmacologic/psychiatric causes

Answer 13

drug that depresses consciousness can affect swallowing safety
-can cause xerostomia

Question 14

Respiratory complications

Answer 14

COPD, tracheotomy