Causes of Digital Loss Flashcards
Many electronic devices depend on electricity to function properly and maintain data. A loss of power can therefore be disruptive or destructive, especially in cases where the power loss is sudden. As well as power losses, power surges can also cause problems.
Power failures
This is a very common problem and has happened to most people who deal with data, including myself. As well as deletion, reformatting a device can also result in the loss of stored information.
Data deletions
Anything that causes physical damage to the storage device can corrupt data or prevent access to it. Even minor accidents, such as knocking over a cup of coffee, might be all it takes to cause the loss of large amounts of data.
Spills, Drops and other physical accidents
Many modern forms of digital data storage are exposed to the internet. This means that the data risks being corrupted by malware, either directly, or via wider damage being caused to say, the operating system.
Viruses and other forms of malware
Whether through burglary, pickpocketing, mugging, or other forms of theft, you can lose the entire device and all the information that’s on it.
Theft
These can all destroy vast amounts of data. This is one of the main reasons why data should never be backed up in the same building, but rather in a separate place.
Fire, floods, explosions and other catastrophic events
When a computer receives data from an input device (e.g., keyboard), it goes through an intermediate stage before it’s sent to an output device (e.g., monitor). A processing device is any hardware inside a computer that interprets and manipulates incoming data during this stage.
Processing
Some of the most common processing devices in or used with a computer include the
- Bluetooth adapter
- CPU (Central Processing Unit)
- GPU (Graphics Processing Unit)
- Motherboard
- Network Interface Card (NIC)
- RAM (Random-Access Memory)
- Sound card
- Video card
is a computing and telecommunications industry specification that describes how devices can communicate with each other.
Bluetooth
is the brain of the computer system where all types of data processing operations and all the important functions of a computer are performed by the CPU.
CPU
PGA
LGA
BGA
Pin Grid Array
Land Grid Array
Ball Grid Array
with a fan involves huge heatsinks with many fans that conduct the heat from the CPU and require a fan to blow away the heat because the heatsink alone is not enough to cool down the CPU.
Air Cooling Fan
cools the CPU with water flowing to the CPU water cooling block that dissipates heat from the CPU to the water. Liquid cooling systems involve more mechanical parts than air cooling systems such as water pumps, reservoirs, radiators, etc. Hence, the liquid cooling system is the most expensive cooling solution among these three.
Liquid Cooling Fan
solutions implement a fanless design, naturally dissipating the heat from the CPU to the outer enclosure of the computer that passively cools the CPU. The brilliant thermal design of a fanless passive cooling system offers a myriad of benefits and advantages compared to air and fan cooling that utilizes a fan. The heatsink is made out of highly conductive material such as aluminum and copper that conduct the heat to the extruded heavy-metal enclosure that protects the internal component while dissipating the heat.
Passive Cooling Fanless
is responsible for transferring information to other units of the computer when needed. It is also known as an internal storage unit or the main memory or the primary storage or Random-Access Memory (RAM) as all these are storage devices.
Memory Storage Unit
controls the operations of all parts of the computer but it does not carry out any data processing operations.
Control Unit
is responsible for performing arithmetic and logical functions or operations.
Arithmetic Logic Unit
is a process of entering data and instructions into a computer system.
Inputting
deals with the selection of the basic functional units such as the processor and memory, and how they should be interconnected into a computer system.
Computer Organization
is a computer software designed to carry out a specific task other than one relating to the operation of the computer itself, typically to be used by end-users.
Application software
is a type of computer program that is designed to run a computer’s hardware and application programs.
System Software
is a general term for various physical components of a computer system.
System Hardware
describes structure and basic functional parts of a computer system at a logical level… from the programmer’s point of view.
Computer Architecture
describes how hardware components operate to meet the architecture.
Computer Organization
is an expression of a program in a language that the computer can understand. – High-level languages: Close to human expression and needs – Low-level languages: Close to the computer architecture with lots of low-level details.
Computer Programming
is a control unit that saves binary control values as words in memory. By creating a certain collection of signals at every system clock beat, a controller generates the instructions to be executed.
Microprogrammed Control Unit
gives instructions as 0’s and 1’s and is the only language that the computer understands.
Machine Language
is a type of low-level programming language that is intended to communicate directly with a computer’s hardware. It is considered low-level because it is very close to machine languages.
Assembly Language
a mnemonic is an abbreviation for an operation. It’s entered in the operation code field of each assembler program instruction.
Computer Assembler Language
is a programming language such as C, FORTRAN, or Pascal that enables a programmer to write programs that are more or less independent of a particular type of computer. Such languages are considered high-level because they are closer to human languages and further from machine languages.
High Level Language
on an Intel microprocessor, inc (“increase by one”) is a
mmemonic
is a computer software package that performs a specific function for an end user or another application based on carefully designed features.
Application Program
is comprised of three major components – (processor, memory, I/O) – that interact indirectly through the bus.
Simple Computer System
Basic Computer Organization Process:
- Inputting
- Storing
- Processing
- Outputting
- Controlling
