Causes Flashcards
When did discussions for the Treaty of Versailles begin?
January 1919
When was the Treaty of Versailles signed?
28 June 1919
What did the ‘War Guilt Clause’ mean for Germany?
They had to accept responsibility for the war
How much money in marks did Germany have to pay for reparations in total initially?
132 billion marks
What was the initiative that lowered Germany’s reparations called, what year was it instilled and what was it lowered to?
The Dawes Plan lowered the reparations in 1929 to 121 billion marks
What number could the German army not surpass?
100,000
What military components did the treaty not allow Germany to have?
An Airforce, submarines, tanks, war planes, poison gas (conscription also forbidden)
How much territory did Germany lose?
13% or 680000㎢ (and 100% of overseas territories)
How many citizens were lost to the territory clause?
12% or 7 million people
What did the treaty say must happen to the Rhineland?
Demilitarization and occupation
What German resource industries were impacted by the territory loss and how?
48% of iron output, 15% agricultural output, and 10% of coal output lost
What number was the German navy reduced to?
15,000 men
When did the NYC stock market crash?
24 Oct 1929
Why was Germany reliant on international loans and investments?
Because they were rebuilding their economy after the war and hyperinflation
In the Reichstag Elections on May 2nd, 1928 what percentage of the votes did the Nazi Party receive?
2.6%
In the Reichstag Elections in 1924 what percentage of the votes did the Nazi Party receive?
3%
Between the summer of 1929 and early 1932 how much did unemployment in Germany increase too?
From 1.3 million to over 6 million
Between the summer of 1929 and early 1932 what percentage was the labour force unemployed?
4.5% to 24%
During the Great Depression what was the peak percentage of unemployment in the labour force?
24.9%
What did the Nazi Party promise German Farmers?
That they would increase decreased agricultural prices
What did the Nazi Party promise German soldiers, veterans, and other national interest groups?
Military buildup and the return of other territories they had lost after the Treaty of Versailles
What did the Nazi Party promise German Pensioners?
The quantity and buying power of their checks would remain stable
After six months of the Great Depression, what percentage of votes did the Nazi Party achieve?
18.3%, becoming the second largest political party in Germany
In the Reichstag election of July, 1932 what percentage did the Nazi’s gain of the popular vote?
37.3% - the largest party
In what period did the Great Depression occur from?
1929 -1941
In the Reichstag election of November, 1932 what percentage were the Nazi’s votes reduced to?
33.1%
In the Reichstag election of November, 1932 what percentage had the Communists votes increased to?
16.9%
When did President Hindenburg appoint Hitler as Chancellor?
30 January 1933
Who were the Weimar Republic leaders that signed the treaty?
Johannes Bell and Hermann Muller
When was the Weimar Republic established?
9 November 1918
How much money was Germany loaned?
800 million
How much did shares drop by in the US?
11%
When was the Reichstag Fire?
27 February 1933
When did Hindenburg die?
2 August 1934
What did the Reichstag Fire Decree do/allow the Nazis to do?
Suspended civil liberties (expression, press, assemble), get rid of political rivals, overrule state and local laws, search and confiscate properties
When was the Reichstag Fire Decree put in place?
28 February 1933
What did the Enabling Act do?
Allowed the Hitler to put laws in place without the government’s consent
When was the Enabling Act put in place?
23 March 1933
When did Hitler Combine the titles of President and Chancellor to create the role of the Fuhrer?
19 August 1934
