Cation 1 Flashcards
GROUP CATIONS:
• Silver (Ag^+) lons
• Lead (I|) (Pb2^+) lons - Plumbous
• Mercurous (H2^2) lons - polyatomic ion!
INSOLUBLE CHLORIDES
Lead Chloride (PbCl2)
Silver Chloride (AgCI)
Mercurous Chloride (Hg2Cl2)
FIRST STEP
The group is precipitated with dilute
HCI (Hydrochloric acid) as insoluble chlorides.
SECOND STEP
Lead chloride is removed from the precipitate by leaching with hot water.
THIRD STEP
The separation of AgCl from Hg2Cl2 with ammonia water.
will tell us gaano ka soluble ang substance.
Solubility Product Constant K sp
describes the equilibrium between a solid and its constituent ions in a solution.
Solubility Product Constant
identifies the degree to which the compound can dissociate in water.
Ksp
The _____ the Ksp, the more soluble the compound is.
higher
White precipitate obtained in Procedure 1 may be
PbCl2
AgCl
Hg2Cl2
First centrifugate may contain
Pb^2+
Potassium Chromate
K2 CrO4
K2 CrO4
Potassium Chromate
Confirmatory reagent for lead (Pb^2+)
K2 CrO4
Color confirming the presence of Pb2+
Yellow
PROCEDURE 2B
Test for Residue/Precipitate may contain
AgCl
Hg2Cl2
What is the separator reagent pf Silver chloride and Mercurous chloride
3M NH4OH
Ammonium water ( Ammonium hydroxide)
blackening of the residue indicates the presence of the
MERCUROUS ION
Centrifugate from 2B may contain
Ag(NH3)^2+
(Silver(I) diammine cation)
Confirmatory reagent of Silver cations
3M HNO3
Nitric Acid
confirms presence of SILVER ION.
Formation of a white precipitate
Confirmatory reagent of Mercurous cation
Stannous Chloride - SnCl2
confirms presence of MERCUROUS ION.
White or gray precipitate
Group 1 cations are separated from other cations when precipitated with
dilute hydrochloric acid
has high solubility in water.
Lead chloride
Lead Chloride easily becomes soluble when dissolve in
hot water
Centrifugate contains
plumbous ion
Confirmation for Lead (II) ion:
Precipitating agent:
Potassium chromate
Chemical formula of yellow precipitate
PbCrO4
Precipitate contains
silver and mercurous ion
Separating agent: Silver and Mercurous
Dilute Ammonia
True or False: Silver is soluble
True
Confirmation for Silver ion:
Precipitating agent:
Nitric Acid
Chemical formula of white precipitate
AgCI
Confirmation for Mercurous ion:
Precipitating agent:
Stannous chloride
Chemical formula of black precipitate
Hg
