Categorization and language Flashcards
Deference between alienable and inalienable
inalienable possesion = refers to properties of nouns or nominal affixes that are always possessed
- ie. body parts and relatives
alienable possession: involves the possession of artifacts and objects that may or may not be possessed
What are cases for?
- Cases signal the specific roles that NPs
play within a syntactic unit (e.g. sentence
or phrase).
What is the nominative case?
the Subject case (or the unmarked case – often with no extra
ending)
* other cases are marked with affixes (in synthetic languages)
Give examples of instrumental, locative and vocative cases
instrumental - with the forest
locative - through the forest
Vocative - Oh my dear forest
What is Aspect?
- The verb form that indicates completion,
duration, or repetition of an action.
What are the 2 primary aspects in english?
- the perfect (sometimes called perfective) and
- the progressive (also known as the
continuous form).
In English, aspect is expressed by means of ?
particles, separate verbs, and verb phrases.
What is the perfect aspect?
The perfect aspect describes events
occurring in the past but linked to a later
time, usually the present. The perfect
aspect is formed with has, have, or had +
the past participle.
example of perfect aspect past tense
History HAS remembered the kings and warriors
example of Perfect aspect, present tense
At fifteen life HAD taught me
what is progressive aspect?
- It usually describes an event that takes
place during a limited time period. The
progressive aspect is made up of a form of
be + the -ing form of the main verb.
example of progressive aspect, present tense
the key
to failure IS trying to please everybody
example of progressive aspect, past tense
I WAS reading the dictionary.
A verb phrase presented as having an
endpoint is said to be
telic
ex. The soup cooled in ten minutes
a verb
phrase that is not presented as having an
endpoint is said to be
atellic
ex. the soup cooled for ten minutes (don’t know if the cooling was over)