Categorising Mental Health Flashcards
What are the two ways of categorising mental health
ICD- international classification of diseases
DSM- diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
What is included in the ICD
- used internationally
- accounts for all illnesses
- 100 categories for psychological abnormalities
What is included in the DSM
- used internationally
- info regarding every psychiatric disorder
- has 3 levels
- Medical and mental health conditions
- Psychosocial and contextual factors
- Functioning and disability
What are the similarities for ICD and DSM
- both diagnosis and categorising manuals
- aren’t self diagnostic manuals
- used by trained specialists
What is the brief procedure for experiment one in rosenhan
- 8 pseudo patients
- rang 12 hospitals over 5 states
- said they could hear a voice and the words empty, hollow and thud
- gave false names addresses and jobs
- once admitted they would act normal and not swallow any medication
- they kept notes and were only able to leave once discharged
What are the findings for experiment one in rosenhans study
- pseudopatients never detected as being fake
- average stay was 19 days
- discharged as scitzophrenic in reminission
What happened in experiment 2 of rosenhan
- staff at hospital were falsely informed that one or more pseudopatients would be admitted
- they we’re asked to rate the patients on a scale of 1-10 of the likelihood of them being a pseudopatient
What did rosenhan find in the second experiment and what did he conclude
- 193 were admitted
- 24 rated as highly confident for pseudopatient
- NONE were pseudopatients
It is just as easy to label a sick person as healthy and make a type 1 error.
What can be said about the experience of psychiatric hospitals
Staff and patients were segregated with pseudopatients spending time in the Dayroom and ward
Pseudopatient recorded how much time out of their work room, average amount was 11.3%
Staff left the room often and doctors were hardly seen
What is meant by stickiness of labels
When behaviour is viewed and interpreted in a certain way due to being labelled
What happened in the comparison study of experiment 3
What are the conclusions of the study
During exp 1, pseudopatients made comparisons of the staff responses to patients
In 4 hospitals they would ask staff ‘could you tell me when I will be eligible for grounds privelage?’
- we cannot judge the sane from insane
- hospital environments only magnify distortion in behaviour towards patients
How can the categorisation of mental health be considered valid
- individual differences = not all show same symptoms
- bias = a lot of doctors can be stereotypical of symptoms and match them to a gender
- DSM updated = hard to determine an illness when one book says they do and one doesn’t
