Catabolic pathways yield energy by oxidising organic fuels

Question 1

what do cells break down and why?

Answer 1

cells break down glucose and other organic fuels to yield chemical energy in the form of ATP

Question 2

fermentation

Answer 2

a process that results in partial degredation of glucose without the use of O2

Question 3

cellular respiration

Answer 3

a more complex break down of glucose

Question 4

aerobic respiration

Answer 4

o2 is used as a reactant

Question 5

anaerobic respiration

Answer 5

other substances are used in place of o2

Question 6

redox reactions

Answer 6

one substance partially or totally shifts electrons to another

Question 7

how do cells access energy stored in food molecules?

Answer 7

through redox reactions

Question 8

oxidation

Answer 8

the total or partial loss of electrons

Question 9

reduction

Answer 9

the total or partial addition of electrons

Question 10

what happens during aerobic respiration?

Answer 10

glucose (C6H12O6) is oxidised to CO2, and o2 is reduced to h2o.

Question 11

what is the formula for aerobic respiration?

Answer 11

c6h12o6 + 6o2 –> 6co2 + 6h2o + energy

Question 12

what do electrons lose during their transfer to o2 from glucose (or other organic compounds)?

Answer 12

partial energy

Question 13

Electrons are usually passed first to….

Answer 13

NAD+, reducing it to NADH

Question 14

electron transport chain

Answer 14

conducts the electrons to o2 in energy releasing steps. The energy that is released is used to make ATP

Question 15

aerobic respiration occurs in 3 stages

Answer 15

1. glycolysis
2. pyruvate oxidation and the citric acid cycle
3. oxidative phosphorylation