CAT Paper Flashcards

1
Q

Clearly focussed?

A

PICO/PEO

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2
Q

Appropriate?

A

Design

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3
Q

Acceptable recruitment?
Co CC SR

A

Cohort - represent, selection bias, all included who should
Case-control - both represent pop
SR - all papers

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4
Q

Acceptable Assignment?
RCT

A

RCT - how, random, concealed

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5
Q

Accurate measurement?
Co CC

A

Cohort - exposure and outcome
Case-control - exposure

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6
Q

Follow-up?

A

Cohort - complete/ long enough
Case-control - treated equal
SR - reasonable to combine
RCT - exclude/ lost (accounted for, explained, ITT)

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7
Q

Confounding?
Co CC

A

ID and accounted for, list important and missing

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8
Q

Sound method?
RCT

A

Blinding, clearly defined and similar groups, clearly defined and similar care

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9
Q

Results?
Co

A

Bottom line
Rate between
Strength of association (RR)
ARR

CI

Size of effect
Chance/ bias/ confounding
Flaw in design/ method
Bradford-Hills

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10
Q

Results?
CC

A

Bottom line
Appropriate analysis
Strength of association (OR)
Adjusted for confounding (still explain, big OR change?)

Size of p
CI
All variables considered
Effect of refusal (towards null)

Size of effect
Chance/ bias/ confounding
Flaw in design/ method
Bradford-Hills

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11
Q

Results?
SR

A

Bottom Line
Expressed how (NNT, OR)
CI

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12
Q

Results?
RCT

(IMPRESSED)

A

Comprehensive reporting?
- Identify bias
- Missing/ incomplete data
- Power + P-values
- Results all reported
- Expressed how
- (clearly) Specified outcome
- (which) Stats tests
- Effect (absolute and relative)
- Differential drop-out (effect)

CI

Size of effect
Harms/ unintended reported
Cost-effectiveness analysis

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13
Q

Significantly different pop/ setting

A

All

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14
Q

Study design
Co RCT

A

Co - appropriate for my Q
RCT - limitations

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15
Q

Important outcomes not studied

A

SR RCT

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16
Q

Local harm: benefit

A

Cohort
Case-control
SR - talked about? Your opinon?
RCT - better than existing? resources needed?

17
Q

Implications
Co CC

A

Cohort - fit with other evidence, one not robust enough
Case-control - fit with other evidence

18
Q

Cohort - measurement of exposure

A

Measurement or classification bias
- subjective or objective
- validated (measure what you want)
- same procedure to classify into groups

19
Q

Cohort - measurement of outcome

A

Measurement or classification bias
- subjective or objective
- validated (measure what you want)
- reliable system to detect all cases
- similar measure method in both groups
- subjects/ assessor blinded to exposure

20
Q

Cohort - follow-up

A

long enough for outcome to happen
effect of drop outs
link between people leaving