CAT 1 Flashcards
What ground ILS equipment is required for CAT 1?
(5 items)
- Localiser (LOC) signal ( may be offset within 3 deg, guidance limit 100 ft, 10.5m accuracy at threshold)
- Glideslope (GS) signal
- Outer Marker *
- Middle Marker *
- Precision Approach Lighting System (PALS)
*may be substituted by DME
What are the Precision Approach Lighting System requirements for CAT 1?
(5 items)
- Sequenced Flashing Lights / SLF
- Approach Lighting System (ALSF-I/ALSF-II/Calvert Style
- Runway Edge Lights (REDL)
- Runway Threshold Lights (RTHL) and Runway End Lights (RENL)
- Runway Touchdown Zone Lights (RTZL) and Runway Center line Lights (RCLL)
What are the airborne equipment requirements for CAT 1 operations?
(6 items)
- 1 x ILS receiver (A320 has 2 installed / ROSE ILS available if one receiver faults / red flag on PFD)
- PFD/ND - suitable navigation displays, Attitude, vertical speed and airspeed for EACH pilot (switching may be required).
- 1 x marker beacon (except where unnecessary for flight to destination and alternate).
- 1 x DME (except where unnecessary for flight to destination and alternate).
- 1 x ADF (except where unnecessary for flight to the destination and alternate)
- ! x Flight Director OR 1 x Autopilot
Explain the Non-Cat 1 Captain minimums
1200m VIS/RVR and
250ft HAT DA
Once the captain has conducted 20 CAT 1 approaches and successfully completed a WX check the regular CAT 1 minima may be applied. The FO must also have completed training in CAT 1 operations
PAR Approach minima
1200m VIS/RVR
250 ft HAT DA
if not CAT 1 approved
Non-Precision Approach Minima for Non-Cat 1 Captains
For Non-precision approaches the same minima as for CAT 1 Captains are applied.
That is, the normal company minima apply
What are the minimum take-off minima?
Refer to Lowest Value of Company minima table (GOM 3-2-4) any time the RVR/VIS is below 500m.
If a departure alternate is not nominated the applicable approach minima for a return in case of aircraft malfunction must be applied.
Explain the Advantages / Disadvantages of using CONF 3 vs CONF FULL for approach and landing
Advantages - performance related - higher energy - better controllability in turbulent or high crosswind conditions.
Disadvantage - CONF 3 has a high pitch attitude which reduces the down vision angle. In low VIS conditions this is a disadvantage as visual references will be harder to acquire
Typical pitch angle for CONF3 is 4.5 deg and for CONF FULL 2 - 2.5 deg.
What is Down Vision Angle?
The angle between the longitudinal chord line of the aircraft and the cockpit cut-off as seen from the pilot’s eyes.
Another key component of down vision angle is the pilot’s seating position. A lower seating position will reduce the amount of forward visual information available to crew members.
What is cockpit cut-off angle?
The angle between the horizon line and the down vision angle. The cockpit cutoff angle is directly affected by the aircraft’s approach pitch attitude.
How does Down vision angle and cockpit cutoff angle affect the visual range?
An approach with a higher pitch attitude will experience reduced visual segment closer to the aircraft.
In case of marginal visual conditions, especially with some cross-wind, this may make perception of the visual reference ques quite difficult and result ina endency to duck under due to the compressed horizon picture.
What happens with a dual radio altimeter failure?
- APPR mode is not available
- LOC mode is available
- CONF3 landing
- Direct Law after gear down (manual pitch control - protections lost)
- AP/FD not reliable and must not be used close to the ground therefore Airborne equipment does not meet the requirements for CAT 1 and min VIS is 1000m (GOM 3-4 (2))
- LOC approach minima may be applied
What is the certified time for Back-up power to transfer for LOC and GS?
CAT 1
LOC = 10 sec
GS = 6 sec
CAT 2/3
LOC = 5 sec (CAT 2) 2 sec (CAT 3)
GS = 2 sec
The aircraft logic is such that for the loss of a GS or LOC signal more than 7 sec above 200 ft RA the AP disengages and the FD will re-engage in BASIC mode (HDG/VS or TRK/FPA).
How many different types of lighting facilities are there?
4 types
Full
Intermediate
Basic
Nil
What components make up Approach Lighting Facilities?
(5 items)
- Sequence Flashing Lights / SFL /brightness adjustable/1000m from RWY THRL.
- Approach Lighting System (ALSF-! or ALSF-2 /Calvert eg. RJAA RWY 16R)
- Runway Edge Lights (REDL / HIRL)
- Runway Threshold / End Lights (RTHL / RENL)
- Touchdown Zone Lights and Center Line Lights (RTZL / RCLL)
