Castration Thingies

Question 1

What kind of narcotic system is appropriate for equine anaesthesia?

Answer 1

Closed circle

Question 2

What is normal range of CO2 measured by a capnograph?

Answer 2

> 45 mmHg

Question 3

Which drug is suitable for raising mean arterial blood pressure intraoperatively?

Answer 3

Dobutamine

(from pharma: dobutamine — beta-agonist that is highly selective for beta-1, cardiotonic drug used in acute heart failure. Increases heart contractility (+ ionotropic), increases heart rate (+ chronotropic)

Question 4

What can happen in case of accident intraarterial injection of alpha-2 agonists?

Answer 4

Collapse

Question 5

The most common complication after anaesthesia of a horse with laryngeal hemeplegia?

Answer 5

Laryngospasm

Question 6

What kind of fluid should be used for joint lavage?

Answer 6

Sterile, isotonic infusion solution

Question 7

What are the phases of wound healing in the correct order?

Answer 7

Acute inflammation ->
Proliferation ->
Resorption ->
Remodelling

Question 8

When do you have to remove the skin sutures following primary wound closure in a horse

Answer 8

After 12-14 days postop

Question 9

Parameters that are evaluated during distant evaluation

Answer 9

Size, body condition, posture, gait, behaviour, obvious pathological changes

Question 10

What poses the greatest risk when anaesthetising a newborn foal?

Answer 10

Induction with inhalational anaesthetics without premedication

Question 11

Describe the normal percussion findings of the lungs in healthy adult horse

Answer 11

Strong/sharp, low, resonant, short

Question 12

What is the anatomical location (i.e. side and intercostal space) of the point of maximum intensity of a cardiac murmur originations from the aortic valve area?

Answer 12

Left 4th ICS below point of shoulder

Question 13

What is the meaning of urinary tenesmus?

Answer 13

Excessive straining during urination

Question 14

List the two unique characteristics of the mandibular lymph nodes in horses

Answer 14

Y-shaped and lobulated

Question 15

List 2 lymph nodes which are palpable only when they are enlarged in adult horse

Answer 15

• lateral retropharyngeal
• superficial cervical

Question 16

What is the physical cause of the 4th heart sound in horse?

Answer 16

Atrial contraction and sudden arrest of distended ventricle

Question 17

What is the most frequently used electrocardiographic lead system in horses?

Answer 17

Base-apex lead

Question 18

Which projection is best to highlight the dorsomedial aspect of carpus?

Answer 18

Flexed lateromedial

Question 19

Scintigraphy is particularly useful for diagnosing which injuries?

Answer 19

Stress fracture

Question 20

What is the normal percussion sound in the dorsal third of the abdomen on the right side of an adult horse?

Answer 20

Tympanic

Question 21

Which paranasal sinus is affected the most frequently by sinusitis in horses?

Answer 21

Maxillary

Question 22

Which paranasal sinus is affected the most frequently by sinusitis in horses?

Answer 22

Maxillary

Question 23

Which blood parameter is suitable for the examination of the liver in horses?

Answer 23

Ammonia

Question 24

Which blood parameter is suitable for the examination of the liver in the horse?

Answer 24

Ammonia

Question 25

What is the location of the mitral valve in the horse?

Answer 25

Left 5th ICS

Question 26

What is the anatomical location of a neurological lesion in a horse if it shows tetraparesis and decreased thoracic limb spinal reflexes?

Answer 26

C6-T2

Question 27

What is the percussion sound of a normal guttural pouch in a healthy adult horse?

Answer 27

Resonant

Question 28

Which part of CNS is affected when a horse Showa intention tremor?

Answer 28

Cerebellum

Question 29

What is the anatomical location of a neurological lesion in a recumbent horse if it can raise its head and neck?

Answer 29

Cranial cervical region