Casework and Assessments * Flashcards
Casework…
Casework refers to direct intervention by workers with individual clients and/or their families.
Indirect role of caseworker (3):
- Intervene with other organisations;
- Represent client;
- Liaise with colleagues/supervisers.
Direct role of caseworker (6):
- Assessment
- Outline agency policy/ your role/ your constraints/ their confidentiality.
- Questioning/ clarification.
- Paraphrasing and summarising.
- Reflecting.
- Assessing risk.
Key elements in assessment activities (7):
- Using professional and political skills to facilitate the process of assessment.
- Information gathering from as many sources as possible.
- Making links between the individual’s world and larger structured forces.
- An exchange of ideas between you and the client: working in partnership.
- Thinking through all available options.
- Helping to mobilise the mutually accepted option.
- Develop answers to specific questions.
Important information is gathered into life domains which are important to consider during the assessment period. These include (7):
- Housing
- Health
- Financial
- Vocational (occupation/skills)
- Legal
- Social supports
- Leisure time and social life
Assess situations, not people. Take into consideration the total context.
Assessment structure (Thompson 2002)- 5 steps:
- Start from a picture.
- Agree on objective.
- Agree a way forward and develop an action plan.
- Review plan and progress.
- Gather relevant information.
Duty of care (2):
- Duty of care refers to the responsibility we as workers in the community services industry have to avoid injury to a client, or relevant others who, it can be reasonably foreseen, might be injured by our act or omission.
- A duty of care exists when someone’s actions could reasonably be expected to affect or harm other people.
Casework and the psychosocial/psychodynamic model:
- Questions & assessment: focus much more on inner psychological processes & events in the person’s past, particularly childhood.
- Interventions: dialogue leading to client gaining new insights and reframing of experience.
Attachment in psychosocial models: Bowlby’s Theory (4):
- Secure attachment.
- Insecure, ambivalent attachments.
- Insecure, avoidant attachments.
- Disorganised attachments.
Psychosocial model: assessment and intervention process (5)…
- Identification of the problem: emotional imbalance/psychosocial problem.
- Assess positive qualities such as strengths, understand the situation/problem.
- Formulate goals or helping plan: formulate preferred outcomes, prioritise goals, specify and explore goals.
- Implement goals and decisions: stimulate solutions or strategies for change, discuss advantages and disadvantages, work on coping strategies and work with social and cultural resources, look for underlying causes of the problem.
- Ending the process/evaluation
How people relate to ‘outer world events tells us about their ‘inner world’ (Howe, 2002, p177).
The Task Centred Model works on the assumption that a client makes better progress in 8 structured sessions (focus on problem-solving). Key values include (4):
Note: clients with chronic psychiatric illness are excluded.
- Values of respect, self-determination and empowerment.
- Aims to empower service user to address problems of every day life.
- Promotes independence.
- Commitment to accountability.
Key principles of Task Centred Practice (8):
- Seek mutual clarity with clients between the purpose and process of intervention. Develop a constructive relationship.
- Aim for small achievements.
- Focus on here and now.
- Promote collaboration between workers & clients.
- Build client capacities for action.
- Planned brevity.
- Promote systematic and structured approaches to intervention.
- Adopt scientific approach to practice evaluation.
Phases of task-centred work (Adams 2002) [5]:
- Entry
- Exploring problems
- Agreeing on a goal/written agreement
- Planning and implementing tasks
- Exit
Crisis can include:
Serious illness Accident/trauma Assault Death Birth Disasters Divorce or separation Loss of a job Moving Etc
Crisis intervention = Dual opportunities
- Resolve the crisis and emotional difficulties that arise from it.
- Resolve other problem issues which may have contributed to or be related to the crisis, but have previously been ignored or declined.