Cases and Numbers

Question 1

Nominative

Answer 1

Nominative (Nom): the subject of the sentence: the boy (nom.) throws the ball

Question 2

Accusative

Answer 2

Accusative (Acc): the object of the sentence: the boy throws the ball (acc.)

Question 3

Genitive

Answer 3

Genitive (Gen): the possessive case: the colour of the ball (gen.); the ball’s (gen.) colour

Question 4

Dative

Answer 4

Dative (Dat): the instrumental case: the boy hits the ball with a bat (dat.); sometimes acts as indirect object of verbs e.g. πείομαι, I am persuaded BY….
The dative has many additional functions, covered by the prepositions by, for, to, and in

Question 5

Vocative

Answer 5

Used only for calling someone by name.