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BOT MED practical exam > cases > Flashcards

cases Flashcards

1
Q

3 botanical actions for diabetes

A
  1. endocrine modulator
  2. bitter
  3. alterative
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2
Q

why have endocrine modulator in diabetes formula

A

a. can influence insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, and glucose metabolism through various mechanisms

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3
Q

why have bitter in diabetes formula

A

a. Help with blood sugar regulation, insulin sensitivity, glucose metabolism, liver detoxification, appetite control and weight management

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4
Q

why have alterative in diabetes formula

A

a. Enhance elimination via liver and kidneys, balance sluggish metabolism, purify the blood

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5
Q

contraindications in barberry

A

non-toxic, but very bitter. Avoid in pregnancy and lactation

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6
Q

goats rue contraindication

A

will augment effects of other hypoglycemic agents

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7
Q

bitter melon contraindications

A

can cause hypoglycemic events, 2-3 fruit can cause GI pain and diarrhea

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8
Q

cinnamon contraindication

A

contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation

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9
Q

why use barberry in diabetes formula

A

helps with blood sugar regulation and insulin sensitivity, increase glucose uptake, is an anti-inflammatory, help improve lipid profiles

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10
Q

4 herbs in diabetes formula

A
  1. barberry
  2. goats rue
  3. bitter melon
  4. cinnamon
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11
Q

why use goats rue in diabetes formula

A

good for blood sugar dysregulation, is the compound used in metformin, helps with appetite control and metabolism, anti-inflammatory

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12
Q

why use bitter melon in diabetes formula

A

lowers blood sugar, insulin like effects, help with fat metabolism and cholesterol reduction, anti-inflammatory

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13
Q

why use cinnamon in diabetes formula

A

warming carminative, facilitate glucose transport into cell , anti-inflammatory, regulate blood sugar, improve insulin sensitivity, help with lipid profiles

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14
Q

% of herbs in diabetes formula

A
  1. barberry 20%
  2. goats rue 50%
  3. cinnamon 15%
  4. bitter melon 15%
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15
Q

dosing of diabetes formula and duration

A

2 tsp, 3x per day between meals

for 6 weeks

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16
Q

2 other recommendations for diabetes

A
  1. Diet: low glycemic foods, complex carbohydrates, fibres, limit sugar and processed food
  2. Physical activity: 150 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic exercise/ week and strength training 2x per week
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17
Q

ashwaganda, burdock, and blue flag contraindications in hypothryoid formula

A

none

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18
Q

3 actions in hypothryoid

A
  1. adaptogen
  2. alterative
  3. endocrine modulator
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19
Q

4 herbs in hypothyroid

A
  1. ashwaganda
  2. blue flag
  3. burdock
  4. barberry
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20
Q

herbs in hypothyroid dosage %

A
  1. ashwaganda 25%
  2. blue flag 25%
  3. burdock 30%
  4. barberry 20%
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21
Q

why do you want an adaptogen in hypothryoid?

A

warming and drying action, good to balance hormones and manage stress (linked to sluggish metabolism), cortisol can make hypothyroid symptoms worse, improve energy and reduce fatigue, increase metabolism (weight gain in hypothyroid), reduce inflammation, support immune system, support mental healthy (i.e. anxiety and depression), increase energy

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22
Q

why do you want an alterative in hypothryoid?

A

promote detoxication and slow metabolism via liver and kidneys, improve metabolism + weight loss, enhance liver function which converts t4 to t3, reduce inflammation,

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23
Q

why do you want an endocrine modulator in hypothryoid?

A

support thyroid hormone production (T4 and T3 and TSH), support other hormonal imbalances that often accompany hypothyroid, convert T4 to T3, help with stress from overproducing cortisol which impacts thyroid,

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24
Q

why do you want ashwaganda in hypothryoid?

A

can help with increasing T3 and T4 via TSH stimulation, balance cortisol and reduce stress, help with comorbid psychiatric conditions that can be with hypothyroid (ie. Depression, anxiety), improve energy and reduce fatigue, improve metabolism (weight gain)

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25
Q

why do you want blue flag in hypothryoid?

A

promotes detoxication and blood purification via liver and kidneys, stimulate lymphatics (i.e. edema and fluid retention) and stimulates sluggish thyroid, increase T3 production, help with goiter

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26
Q

why do you want burdock in hypothryoid?

A

alterative and detox via the liver and lymph, anti inflammatory, support digestion which is needed to absorb nutrients like idodine, selenium and zinc,

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27
Q

why do you want barberry in hypothryoid?

A

helps with T4 to T3 conversion, support liver health which can impact thyroid + detoxify, improves digestion which may be slow and constipated in hypothryoid, anti-inflammatory, help with insulin resistance and high blood sugar which may be comorbid (i.e. weight gain and metabolic syndrome)

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28
Q

hypothryoid dose and duration

A

2-3 tsp BID, for 3 weeks

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29
Q

2 other recommendations for hypothryoid

A
  1. Physical activity: 150 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic exercise/ week and strength training 2x per week
  2. Diet: high fiber, rich in iodine (i.e. seaweed, iodized salt), selenium (i.e. brazil nuts, eggs), zinc (i.e. pumpkin seeds, beef), avoid goitrogens in excess (i.e. soy, cruciferous vegetables), limit processed foods, avoid excessive caffeine
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30
Q

3 actions in insomnia

A
  1. sedative
  2. nervine
  3. adaptogen
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31
Q

4 herbs in insomnia

A
  1. valerian
  2. chamomile
  3. California poppy
  4. passiflora
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32
Q

valarian contraindications

A

may potentiate other anxiolytics

33
Q

chamomile contraidications

A

none

34
Q

california poppy contraindications

A

may potential effects of other sedatives

35
Q

passiflora contradindications

A

may potentiate other anxiolytics

36
Q

why choose a sedative in insomnia

A

calm the nervous system, promote relaxation and improve sleep quality

37
Q

why choose a nervine in insomnia

A

helps with nervous system imbalances (i.e. stress, anxiety, mental restlessness) that might prevent falling to sleep, reduced overstimulates nervous system and SNS to shift to PNS, promote relaxation without sedation

38
Q

why choose an adaptogen in insomnia

A

regulate the stress response and balance the nervous system, help hormonal imbalances (i.e. cortisol), good for people who’s sleep disturbances are linked to chronic stress, fatigue or burnout, improve sleep quality- more restorative and deeper sleep, reduce anxiety and nervousness

39
Q

why choose valerian in insomnia

A

promotes relaxation, reduce anxiety, increase GABA, mild sedative, improve sleep quality an duration, increase deep sleep , non habit forming and not groggy in morning

40
Q

why choose chamomile in insomnia

A

mild sedative, helps with GABA, reduce stress and anxiety, promote relaxation, improve sleep quality, well tolerated and low risk of side effects

41
Q

why choose California poppy in insomnia

A

mild sedative via GABA, help with nervous tension, anxiety and mental overactivity, help get deeper and more restorative sleep, help with relaxation and muscle tension relief, calms the mind

42
Q

why choose passiflora in insomnia

A

help with anxiety, stress, and nervous tension, mild sedative via GABA, promote relaxation without drowsiness, improve sleep quality, supports nervous system

43
Q

% of herbs in insomnia case

A
  1. valerian 35%
  2. chamomile 25%
  3. California poppy 15%
  4. passiflora 25%
44
Q

dose and duration for insomnia case

A

3 tbsp before bed, use symptomatically as needed

45
Q

2 other recommednations for insomnia

A
  1. meditation and sleep hygiene: create a routine 1 hour before bed, go to bed at consistent time, dark and cool room, calming meditation or stretching or breathing exercise before bed, no blue lights, limit naps
  2. exercise: 30 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic exercise most days, work out at least 3 hours before bed
46
Q

contraindications of gentian

A

not to be used in cases of known ulceration

47
Q

contraindications of barberry

A

very bitter. Avoid in pregnancy and lactation

48
Q

contraindications of milk thistle

A

none

49
Q

contraindications of ginger

A

none

50
Q

3 actions in NAFLD formula

A
  1. alterative
  2. hepatic
  3. hepatoprotective
  4. carminative
51
Q

why do alterative in NAFLD

A

clear out excess accumulation in liver to restore function, help support liver detox, anti-inflammatory for the liver, help with cholesterol and insulin resistance,

52
Q

why do hepatic in NAFLD

A

support liver detoxification and waste elimination, promote fat metabolism and bile secretion, reduce liver inflammation and ROS, improve insulin sensitivity

53
Q

why do hepatoprotective action in NAFLD

A

protect liver from toxic damage, support fat metabolism and bile secretion, slow NAFLD progression, liver cell regeneration, help with inflammation and ROS

54
Q

4 herbs in NAFLD

A
  1. gentian
  2. barberry
  3. milk thistle
  4. ginger
55
Q

why do gentian in NAFLD

A

bitter herb that promotes bile production, improves digestion (compromised in NAFLD by liver not metabolizing fats), support liver detoxification, reduce inflammation and ROS, improve metabolism and appetite,

56
Q

why do barberry in NAFLD

A

stimulate bile flow and help liver detox, anti-inflammatory, helps with insulin sensitivity and lower lipids, supports gut microbiome

57
Q

why do milk thistle in NAFLD

A

protect liver from metabolic stress, toxins, inflammation, anti-inflammatory, enhances liver detoxification pathways, improves insulin sensitivity, helps lower lipid levels

58
Q

why do ginger in NAFLD

A

balance out the cool herbs so don’t damage other orangs. Might be hard on digestion so warming can help. Anti-inflammatory, help with digestion and metabolism and reduce fat accumulation in liver, improve insulin sensitivity

59
Q

% of herbs in NAFLD formula

A
  1. gentian 20%
  2. barberry 20%
  3. milk thistle 50%
  4. ginger 10%
60
Q

dosage and duration of NAFLD formula

A

2 tsp, 2-3 times per day

Higher dose for 2 weeks then can go down to 1-2 tsp per day for another 4 weeks (can continue formula even if NAFLD stabilized)

61
Q

2 other recommednations for NAFLD

A
  1. Elimination diet (i.e. dairy, coffee, alcohol, sugar, wheat, fried foods) are aggravating. Eat a whole foods diet that is high in fiber to help with constipation and clear excess
  2. Physical exercise: 150 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic exercise/ week and strength training or HIIT 2x per week. Something patient enjoys and can be consistent with
62
Q

contraindications of astragalus

A

contraindicated in hypertension , also an immune stimulant so avoid in autoimmune

63
Q

contraindications of licorice in convalesce

A

contraindicated in hypertension

64
Q

contraindications of reishi in convalesce

A

none

65
Q

contraindications of shiitake convalescence

A

none

66
Q

3 actions in convalescence

A
  1. adaptogen
  2. immune modulator
  3. endocrine modulator
67
Q

why do an adaptogen in convalescence

A

help reduce physical and mental stress, reduce fatigue and improve mood, some hers are stimulating and can boost energy, support immune function, balance hormones, reduce anxiety, promote better sleep and recovery (ashwaganda, reishi)

68
Q

why do an immune modulator in convalescence

A

prevent or manage an overactive immune response, help decrease inflammation, prevent any secondary infections after healing from whatever weakened state the body is in,

69
Q

why do an endocrine modulator in convalescence

A

help restore hormonal balance after stress (i.e. surgery, trauma, illness), manage stress and inflammation via cortisol, support immune function (i.e. high cortisol suppress or overactivate immune), boost metabolism and energy and tissue repair (i.e. thyroid hormones and growth factors), manage anxiety and depression (i..e serotonin, cortisol, thyroid hormones)

70
Q

4 herbs in convalescence

A
  1. astragalus
  2. reishi
  3. shitake
  4. liquorice
71
Q

why do astragalus in convalescence

A

helps immune system, adaptogen effects for stress and cortisol which can impair healing, increase energy and help fatigue, anti-inflammatory,

72
Q

why do reishi in convalescence

A

support immune system, help with stress, supports energy and reduces fatigue, anti-inflammatory, supports liver detoxication, improves sleep and reduce fatigue, antioxidant and fight ROS

73
Q

why do shiitake in convalescence

A

support immune system, help with physical and mental stress and cortisol, boost energy, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and fight RO, support liver detox

74
Q

why do liquorice in convalescence

A

support immune system, adaptogen and relieve stress, anti-inflammatory, helps with liver detox, soothe respiratory system (demulcent), support adrenals

75
Q

dosage and duration of formula in convalescence

A

2 tsp BID for 6 weeks

76
Q

% of herbs in convalescence formula

A
  1. Astraglus 40%
  2. Reishi 20%
  3. Shitake 20%
  4. Licorice 20%
77
Q

2 other recommednations in convalescence

A
  1. Nourishing diet: full on protein and healthy fats to help body heal and rebuild tissues. Want many minerals and vitamins and soothing foods like soups, stews, meats, vegetables. Focus on vitamin C, D, and zinc (i.e. fruits and veg) Hydration (8 cups of water)
    a. Bone broth to build blood and qi
  2. Rest and sleep: 7-9 hours of sleep, limit caffeine and screen time before bed, calming environment. Short naps in day to replenish energy if needed. Avoid overexertion during the day and gradually get back into routine and exercise
78
Q

why use a carminative in NAFLD

A

help with any digestive discomfort from other cool and bitter herbs, help with digestion and fat metabolism, stimulate bile secretion, improve appetite control, reduce insulin resistance, anti-inflammatory

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