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CaseFiles Flashcards

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1
Q

stages of sleep

A

NREM

  1. stage 1: theta - high freq, low voltage (like REM)
  2. stage 2: K complexes and sleep spindles
  3. stages 3 and 4: delta waves - low freq, high voltage - night terrors

REM: high freq, low voltage - nightmares

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2
Q

Mild intellectual disability:

  1. criteria
  2. what is Vineland Social Maturity Scale
  3. 3 common etiologies
  4. mild
  5. moderate
  6. severe
  7. profound
  8. aggressive behavior in moderate/severe could indicate?
  9. most common cause
A
  1. intelligence deficit + adaptive functioning deficits + onset during development
  2. adaptive functioning test
  3. down, fragile x, PKU
  4. school age, gullible, can hold jobs
  5. before school, limited jobs
  6. spoken language limited, need help for daily living
  7. nonverbal
  8. pain
  9. idiopathic
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3
Q

Autistic spectrum

  1. features
  2. 2 specific disorders
  3. MRI findings
  4. vs. intellectual disability
  5. vs. childhood schizophrenia
  6. tx
  7. meds for irritation
A
  1. poor social and language skills + repetitive and odd play; can have islets of precocity
  2. Asperger = social impairment only; Rett = regression 2/2 unknown etiology, girls only
  3. increased cortical thickness / total brain vol
  4. repetitive activity, poor social skills
  5. younger age of manifestation
  6. multi-systemic therapy, oxytocin
  7. aripiprazole
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4
Q

ADHD

  1. subtypes
  2. criteria
  3. tx
  4. toxic cause
A
  1. hyperactive/impulsive vs. inattentive vs. combined
  2. > 6 sx for >6mo in 1 setting: inattentive, hyperactive, impulsive
  3. behavior modification + amphetamines or atomoxetine if h/o substance abuse, tics, anxiety -> clonidine or guanfacine -> bupropion and imipramine (QTc)
  4. Pb intoxication
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5
Q

Tourette

  1. genetics
  2. associated w which 2 diseases
  3. criteria
  4. athetoid vs. choreiform -> ddx?
  5. tx
A
  1. ?AD
  2. OCD and ADHD
  3. multiple motor + >1 vocal tics for >1yr w onset Huntington, Wilson’s, tardive dyskinesia
  4. psychotherapy, clonidine, guanfacine -> risperidone
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6
Q

PANDAS

  1. what is it
  2. conditions
A
  1. strep infection

2. OCD/tics

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7
Q

Mech

  1. clonidine
  2. guanfacine
  3. atomoxetine
A
  1. a-adrenergic agonist presynaptic -> decreases NE pathway
  2. a-adrenergic agonist post synaptic -> decreases NE activity
  3. a-adrenergic agonist presynaptic -> decreases NE released
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8
Q

schizoaffective

  1. subtypes
  2. criteria
  3. MRI
  4. tx
A
  1. depressive vs. bipolar
  2. psychosis +/- mood (no mood for >2wks)
  3. white matter pathology
  4. depressive: antipsychotic -> +antidepressant only if mood sx remain; bipolar: antipsychotic + Li/carbamazepine/valproate
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9
Q

Schizophrenia

  1. criteria
  2. catatonia
  3. 6mo
  4. tx
A
  1. > 6mo of +/- sx, >2 sx of psychosis for >1mo
  2. > 3 psychomotor sx
  3. brief psychotic vs. schizophreniform vs. schizophrenia
  4. atypical antipsychotics
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10
Q

hallucinations vs. hallucinosis

A

no insight vs. yes insight

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11
Q

only antipsychotic w anti-suicidal properties

A

clozapine

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12
Q

Medical psychosis

  1. vs. primary psychotic disorder
  2. meds causing psychosis
  3. tx
A
  1. older age onset, can be visual/olfactory/gustatory hallucinations
  2. antihypertensives, antimicrobials, anticholinergics, corticosteroids, antineoplastics
  3. underlying medical condition; can add antipsychotics for sx relief
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13
Q

Bipolar

  1. 2 types
  2. rapid cycling
  3. criteria
  4. typical feature of mania in adolescents
  5. tx
A
  1. I - mania >1wk; II - hypomania + depression >2wks
  2. 4 episodes in 1 yr
  3. > 3 sx
  4. psychosis
  5. psychotherapy + mood stabilizer (Li; valproate for younger kids)
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14
Q

Cyclothymic

  1. criteria
  2. tx
A
  1. > 2yrs of constant hypomania depression w/o meeting criteria for hypomania, mania , MDD criteria. NO psychosis.
  2. mood stabilizers
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15
Q

Depression from hypothyroidism

  1. physical signs
  2. tx
A
  1. weight gain, coarse brittle hair

2. levothyroxine

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16
Q

Medications that cause depression

A
  1. propranolol

2. metoclopramide

17
Q

cocaine induced depression

  1. tx
  2. time frame for developing depression
A
  1. cessation (antidepressant not usually needed)

2. during use to

18
Q

Which substance is not associated w mood disorders

A

cannabis

Psych Shelf (4 decks)

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