Case21

Question 1

What type of pathogen are antibiotics mostly used to treat?

Answer 1

bacteria

Question 2

Describe how a virus & bacteria are different from each other.

Answer 2

Bacteria can be treated with antibiotics. Viruses need a host to reproduce.

Question 3

What is the difference between selective breeding & genetic engineering?

Answer 3

Selective breeding is choosing parents to produce offspring with specific desirable traits. Genetic engineering involves changing the DNA of an organism.

Question 4

What is the role of the decomposers in an ecosystem?

Answer 4

Break down dead organisms and return nutrients to soil.

Question 5

How is fermentation similar & different from cellular respiration?

Answer 5

They both release energy. Fermentation does not require oxygen, respiration does.

Question 6

What is an inference?

Answer 6

A conclusion based on evidence

Question 7

State the law of conservation of mass

Answer 7

In a chemical reaction, matter (mass) cannot be created, nor destroyed. Total mass (atoms) must be equal.

Question 8

Write the name of each compound: NaCl, CO2, H2O, C6H12O6, O2

Answer 8

Salt, carbon dioxide, water, glucose/sugar, oxygen

Question 9

What type of elements form ionic bonds?

Answer 9

metals and non-metals

Question 10

What forms covalent bonds?

Answer 10

Two or more nonmetals

Question 11

What are some properties of acids & bases?

Answer 11

Acids- sour taste, turns blue litmus paper red

Bases- bitter taste, turns red litmus paper blue

Question 12

What type of current does the power grid use?

Answer 12

AC current because the voltage can be increased and decreased to travel long distances.

Question 13

What are the formulas for speed and acceleration?

Answer 13

speed=distance/time,

acceleration= (final speed-initial speed)/time

Question 14

What is the formula for newton’s 2nd law?

Answer 14

Force= mass x acceleration

Question 15

How does air pressure relate to wind speed?

Answer 15

when air pressure decreases, wind speed increases

Question 16

What happens to the density of air when it cools?

Answer 16

it increases, which makes it sink

Question 17

What type of weather is associated with a High (H) pressure system?

Answer 17

Clear & sunny skies because moisture cannot rise to condense

Question 18

What type of weather is associated with a Low (L) pressure system?

Answer 18

clouds, rain, maybe thunderstorms because moisture rises to condenses

Question 19

At what latitude line will a hurricane move back towards the east?

Answer 19

30 N

Question 20

What is the difference between the easterlies & westerlies?

Answer 20

Westerlies blow from the west to east and cause hurricanes to turn away from United States. Trade winds blow hurricanes from east to west toward the US.

Question 21

What direction does weather generally move across the United States?

Answer 21

west to east

Question 22

How does air temperature relate to the amount of water vapor it can hold?

Answer 22

Warmer the air the more water vapor it can hold

Question 23

What is the reason an organism adapts to its habitat?

Answer 23

get food, control temperature, hide from predators, reproduce

Question 24

What happens to the energy that is lost in an energy pyramid?

Answer 24

Some is lost as heat.

Question 25

List the following in order from smallest to largest:

Answer 25

organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere

Question 26

Explain why an energy pyramid is used to represent energy transferring from one organism to another in a food chain.

Answer 26

There is less energy available at each level. (Decreases by 10%)

Question 27

Label the levels in the energy pyramid.

Answer 27

decomposers, producers, primary | consumers, secondary consumers, tertiary consumer

Question 28

Give the latitude lines for each climate zone and describe the climate.

Answer 28

Tropical- between 23.5 north & South of the equator- little seasonal variation, direct sunlight year round Temperate – between 23.5 & 66.5 north & south, warm/hot summers, cool winters, greatest variation , moderate temperatures with distinct seasons Polar – above 66.5 north arctic circle & below 66.5 south- short, cool summers, long, cold, dark winters, receive sunlight at very low angles

Question 29

Newtons Laws:

Answer 29

``` #1: Law of Inertia #2: Math Law #3: Action/Reaction ```

Question 30

What are some adaptations that allow plants to survive in the following environments?

Answer 30

a. Extreme cold: needles so that snow does not build up b. Aquatic: leaves that float c. Hot & dry: needles prevent evaporation d. Very little sunlight: keep leaves year round, large leaves