Case Uses Flashcards
Gen: Liber poetae bonus est.
Genitive of possession
The book of the poet is good.
Gen: Multi vestrum Romam eunt.
Partitive genitive
Many of you are going to Rome.
Gen: Digni civis est de curis patrae cogitare.
Genitive of Characteristic (with forms of the verb sum)
It is the mark of a worthy citizen to think about the cares of his native land.
Gen: Facta fortissima militum a ducibus laudata sunt.
Subjective Genititve (a noun that is the subject of the verbal idea of nouns/adjectives of feeling/action) The very brave deeds of the soldiers were praised by the leaders.
Gen: Multa pecunia saepe est invidiae causa.
Objective Genitive (a noun that is the object of the verbal idea of nouns/adjectives of feeling/action) A lot of money is often the cause of envy.
Gen: Vir magnae sapientie ab omnibus laudatur.
Genitive of Description
A man of great wisdom is praised by all.
Gen: Virtutis eorum non obliviscor.
Genitive with Expressions of Remembering and Forgetting
I do not forget their courage.
Gen: Accuso te maiestatis.
Genitive with Verbs of Accusing, Condemning, or Acquitting
I accuse you of treason.
Gen: Magni me habet.
Genitive of (Indefinite) Value He considers me of great value.
Dat: Regina poetae multa respondit.
Dative of IO
The queen answered many things to the poet.
Dat: Incolis multa tecta erant.
Dative of Possession (with forms of the verb sum)
The inhabitants had many houses
Dat: Oppidum militibus oppugnandum erat.
Dative of Agent (with passive periphrastic constructions ONLY)
The town had to be attacked by the soldiers.
Dat: Hoc mihi actum est.
Dative of Reference
This was done for me.
Dat: Aurum auxilio oppido missum est.
Double Dative (Purpose + Reference) The gold was sent as an aid to/for the town.
Dat: Donum fratri placuit?
Dative with Special Verbs (most are intransitive verbs meaning they do not take an Acc DO)
Did the gift please your brother?
Dat: Dux optimos navibus praefecit.
Dative with Compound Verbs
The leader put the best men in command of the ships.
Acc: Impios non laudabimus.
Accusative DO
We shall not praise impious men.
Acc: Feminas e tectis expulsas esse dicit.
Accusative Subject of the Infinitive (in indirect statement)
He says that the women were driven out of the houses.
Acc: Quinque pedes ad dextram ambulavit.
Accusative Duration of Time/Extent of Space
He walked five feet to the right.
Acc: Feminae in viam ambulant.
Accusative Place into Which
The women are walking into the street.
Acc: Ad Italiam imus.
Accusative Place to Which
We are going to Italy
BUT Domum/rurem/Romam/Carthaginem/Athenas without preposition
Acc: O tempora! O mores!
Accusative of Exclamation
Oh, the times, oh, the customs!
Abl: Id meis oculis vidi.
Ablative of Means
I saw it with my own eyes.
Abl: Ab omnibus laudatur.
Ablative of Agent
He was praised by all.
Abl: Magistra cum suis discipulis veniebat.
Ablative of Accompaniment
The teacher was coming with her own students.
Abl: Nihil cum ratione gerebant.
Ablative of Manner
They were accomplishing nothing with rationality.
Abl: Lacrimo gaudio.
Ablative of Cause
I weep for joy.
Abl: Vir magna sapientia
Ablative of Description
A man of great wisdom
Abl: Omnes sapientia vincit.
Ablative of Respect/Specification
He surpasses everybody in wisdom
Abl: Multo maior
Ablative of Degree of Difference
much larger
Abl: Me eloquentior es
Ablative of Comparison
You are more eloquent than me.
Abl: In agris remanebant.
Ablative of Place Where
They were remaining in the fields.
Abl: Ab Italia ad terram vestram me misit.
Ablative of Place From Which
He sent me away from Italy to your land.
Abl: with verbs denoting lack, freedom (careo, libero, oprivo, solvo)
with adjectives denoting freedom, want (nudus, immunis, orbus)
Ablative of Separation
Abl: Sanguine Troiano cretus
Ablative of Source/Material
born from Trojan blood
