Case Study - Japan +earthquake and tsunami knowledge Flashcards
When did it happen?
11th March 2011
What was the magnitude?
Around 9
Where was the epicentre
Off the coast of ofunato north east of Sendai
What is it called when the ground is squeezed, compressed and forced to the surface?
Liquefaction
Where did the tsunami hit first?
Ofunato
How many people died from falling buildings?
1500
How deep was the mass of water that got lifted then thrown back down causing shock waves?
6km deep
At what speed did the tsunami travel?
500kmph
How many people had no water?
1 million
Give 4 ways japan tried to prevent the impacts of the earthquake
Building foundations are made of rubber, automatic text messages got sent to everyone as a warning, Japan’s warning system shut of gas to prevent fires and ceilings had weights on to counteract seismic waves.
Name 4 ways in which Japan tried to prevent the impacts of a tsunami
40% of Japan’s coastline has sea walls of up to 10 meters high, 5.6 meter defence wall over the nuclear reactor, hazard agency gave people 20 mins to get to safety and the warning centre monitored the tsunami waves.
How many people where missing in Minamasuka due to the tsunami?
9500 people.
What percentage of people died from drowning due to the tsunami?
93%
How many had to live in government shelters?
215,000
How long after the disaster were people still in temporary housing?
1 year
Give 3 responses to the disaster
Ambulances searched for trapped survivors, people got to higher ground (tsunami) and the uk sent search and rescue teams to help search for survivors.
Number the following one to ten on how a tsunami is formed A)sea movement causes tsunami B) Indian moves to the Eurasian plate C)seismic waves spread quickly outwards D)convergent plate movement causes earthquake E)sea above earthquake forced upwards F)waves crash onto shore G)Indian plate forced downwards
1) B
2) G
3) D
4) F
5) A
6) E
7) C
In shallow water, tsunami waves slow to_____ and a height of______
40kmph, 15 meters
What speeds do tsunami waves reach in deep sea?
800kmph
How many earthquakes are recorded each year?
100,000
Where do Earthquakes occur?
The fault lines
How are earthquakes caused?
Friction causing energy on the fault lines which eventually rupture and release energy in shock waves
