Case studies Flashcards
What is Helicobacter pylor? How does it cause gastritis blah blah
Gram -ve bacteria
Infection Inflammation Metaplasia, atrophy Dysplasia Adenocarcinoma
What are its effects on the stomach?
Inflammation
-both acute and chronic
Cell damage
- atrophy
- metaplasia
- dysplasia
Neoplasia
- carcinoma
- lymphoma
What are the causes of gastritis
Chemical agent - drugs
Infectious agents - Helicobacter
Immunological - autoimmune
What are the hallmarks of gastritis?
Redness
Swelling
Pain
In acute inflammation, which is the primary inflammatory cell involved?
Neutrophil
What is an ulcer?
Open sore on body surface due to break in skin/mucous membrane
In chronic inflammation, which is the primary inflammatory cell involved?
Lymphocyte
What is atherosclerosis?
Formation of atheroma on vessel wall
What are the three long term sequelae of atherosclerosis?
Stable atherosclerotic plaques (slow arterial occlusion)
- Angina
- Dementia
- Chronic lower limb ischaemia
Unstable atherosclerotic plaque (sudden arterial occlusion)
- Unstable angina
- Thrombosis
- Embolism
Vessel wall weakening
- Aneurysm formation
What are common sites of atheroma?
Coronary
Carotis
Aorta / iliac arteries
