Case Studies

Question 1

Dam building

Answer 1

Nile delta - Cairo very populated. No sediment downstream to protect coast from erosion due to dam

Question 2

Dredging

Answer 2

Hallsands Devon - the aging,w protecting area removed for Plymouth docklands so soft rock behind susceptible to erosion. Village destroyed

Question 3

Terminal groyne syndrome

Answer 3

Holderness

Question 4

Coastal recession and flooding

Answer 4

Happisburgh

Question 5

Coastal flooding and storm surges comparing developed and developing - impact on coastal communities

Answer 5

UK winter storms 2013/14
- 2 killed
- 7 homes collapsed
- cost of insurance
- flooded property
And
Typhoon Haiyan Philippines 2013
- 6300 killed
- looting
- water and food shortages
- airport and infrastructure destroyed
- $1bn costs

Question 6

Sustainable management

Answer 6

Abbotts Hall farm - holes in seawall for managed retreat
- conflict over farmers losing their land
- some upset over impacts on oyster farming

And

Maldives - Mangroves for the Future educated communities on importance of maintain mangrove forest for reducing coastal flooding impacts

Question 7

Policy decision can lead to conflict and create winners and losers

Answer 7

Happisburgh
Conflict - between local community and local gov - believe their land is worth saving
- between local gov and national gov - national not doing enough for relocation efforts

Winners - local gov don’t have to spend on defence
Environment - less impacts further down coast

Losers - local community being displaced
Businesses struggling to survive due to depopulation
Homeowners who can’t afford to move

Question 8

Storm surges

Answer 8

Bangladesh - cyclone Sidr 2007
6m storm surges
60% of Bangladesh low lying
$1.7bn damages

Question 9

Local factors increase flood risk on low lying coasts

Answer 9

Maldives or Tuvalu
M - vegetation removed to build new airport
M - average island height of 1 to 2m
M - increased building compressing sediment - subsidence

Question 10

Sub aerial processes, weather and mass movement, influence coastal recession

Answer 10

Holderness - boulder clay/ glacial till - susceptible to rotational slumping
Mechanical weathering and hydraulic action occur

Question 11

Fjords

Answer 11

West coast of Norway

Question 12

Dalmatian coast

Answer 12

Coast of Croatia

Question 13

Rias

Answer 13

West Cork Ireland

Question 14

Sediment cells

Answer 14

The wash to the Thames
200pk. Fetch from north coast
High erosion
High LSD from N to S
Deposited in sinks like Blakeney spit

Question 15

Cuspate forelands

Answer 15

Dungeness, Kent

Question 16

Beaches

Answer 16

Lulworth cove Dorset

Question 17

Tombolo

Answer 17

St Ninians

Question 18

Spit

Answer 18

Spurn Head

Question 19

Cave arch stack stump

Answer 19

Old Harry, Swanage