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IGCSE geography exam > Case studies > Flashcards

Case studies Flashcards

1
Q

A country with a young population

A

Gambia

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2
Q

how many per cent are over 65 years in Gambia?

A

2.5%

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3
Q

Some problems faced by Gambia

A

lack of knowledge about contracpetion
resources runs out
famalies are dependent on children for help
healthcare and education system are overloaded

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4
Q

push factors of migration from Mexico to USA

A

poor medical facilities
poor education prospects with literacy rate of 55%
40 % unemployment/low paid jobs

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5
Q

effects on USA

A

Mexico is seen as a drain
lower wages becaus e of low wages on migrant workers
cultural and racial issues

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6
Q

effects on Mexico

A

shortage of economically active people
more old people left behind
both illegal and legal send $6 billion a year back

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7
Q

A country with a high dependent population

A

Uganda

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8
Q

population of Uganda and the percentage that in under 30

A

42.86 million
78% under 30

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9
Q

Cause of high dependent population in Uganda

A

Parents have children to use as economic producers
high infant mortality rate

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10
Q

Effect of high dependent population in Uganda

A

Huge amount of money spend on healthcare
High GDP as more in workforce
More money on education

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11
Q

Japan’s population density

A

336 people per km^2 in 2015

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12
Q

Causes of densely populated country Japan

A

few people living on mountainous slopes in the centre on Honshu Island because of lack of flat land, acidic soils and extreme climate

Densely populated area are areas of flat valleys and gentle slopes. These provides good service provision such as universities and technologically advanced hospitals and facilities.

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13
Q

effects of densely populated Japan

A

lack of jobs in areas due to dense population
some peopel are forced to omove out

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14
Q

A sparsely populated country or area

A

Canada

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15
Q

Population of Canada

A

population of 37 million and population density of 2.7 per km^2 in 2011

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16
Q

Causes of the sparsely populated area of Canada

A

many mountainous areas meaning land is too cold for work or agriculture
snow, ice makes transport difficult especially in inner canada
Population in Canda is clustered in souther and eastern areas becase other areas are cold

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17
Q

Settlement and service provision in an area

A

Braunschweig, Germany

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18
Q

Population of Braunschweig

A

has a population if 250,000 inhabitants and population density of 10.5 person per km^2

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19
Q

The service provision of Braunschweig

A

more than 20 schools, 5 hospitals, dense network of public transport. The threshold population supports higher order servies

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20
Q

Effects of settlement in Braunschweig

A

the provision increases more migrant to Braunschweig as there is easier transport and good universitiies/education for kids resulting in higher population density

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21
Q

An urban area

A

London

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22
Q

Causes of urbanization in London

A

population growth from rural-to-urban migration

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23
Q

Effects of urbanization in london

A

respiratory problems, traffic jams, road rage phenomena. pollution from vehicle exhaust more investment in roads which cost millions

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24
Q

Solution for the problems of urbanization in London

A

charges for driver driving into central london to slow down numbers of cars traveling

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25
A rapidly growing urban area in a developing country country and migration to it
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
26
Population of Brazil
6.9 in 1960 but 13.4 in 2019
27
Push factors from rural areas (Rio De Janerio)
High infant mortality due to lack of clean water, electricity, sewerage and medical care Worse housing in rural, lack of shops and schools
28
Pull factors to Rio De Janeiro
Better job prospect, higher wages in the city, more schools, doctors and services. Some migrants encourage people to join large coorperations
29
Effects of urbanization in Rio de Janeiro
housing pressure, more demand for services, and sewage wage disposal, crim eand murder increasing
30
Management for urbanization in Rio de Janeiro
goverment asistant in improving homes goverment moved peole out of shanty towns into basic housign estate
31
Coast
Lyme Regis, English
32
What attracts Lyme Regis
fossil fuels attracts tourists all year round
33
Hazards of Lyme Regis
unstable cliffs causes many landslides coastal erosion with longshore drfit with little protection on the beach
34
Management of these The Lyme Regis hazards
Installation of recurved sea walls that protects from easterly winds and help stop storm erode the coastline further
35
Amazon rainforest 's characterisitics
cover an area of 5.5 million km^2 largest tropical rainforest covers 40% of SA continent 1,000 birds species and 60,000 species of plant
36
Deforestation in Amzaon rainforest
multiple reports in 1980 of deforestation in thr rainforest caught people's attention'deforestation stil occurs over the last 30-40 years Amazon lost 20% of its area
37
Effects of deforestation
Deforestation cause soil and enviroment to became dry causing animals to become extinct
38
Advantages of deforestation
improved transport, infastructure, hospitals, improved education, large-scale fariming brings money
39
Disadvantages of deforestation
loss of biotic and abiotic system Land clearance leads to deforestation Fertile soil easily washed away when forest is cleared
40
Hot desert
Thar desert in India
41
Thar desert
major hot desert with high population density many substitence farmers live there tourists come to see 120 species irrigation made farming practiceable energy is produced through solar panels have valuable reserves of mining making an opportunity for mining
42
Vegetaion of the thar desert
sprase natural vegetation herbaceous and stunted trees the trees are drought resistant trees plants that include deep roots, hard and fleshy stems, well-developed spines or a covering of hairs, and leaves either absent or coated with wax or hair to prevent excessive evaporation
43
Problems of the desert
covers a huge area but inaccessible due to extreme enviromental conditions and poor infastructure limited water supply extreme temp reaching up to 50 degree in summer
44
TNC
Walmart
45
who founded Walmart and what are the label of walmart
Sam Walton largest company by revenue $500 billion revenue and $20 billion profit
46
Employment of Walmart
employed 2 million people in 11,000 different outlets in 28 different countries have about 130 million weekly shoppers
47
Global action of Walmart
started in arkansas and first abroad in mexico and expanded in 90s, over 500 asda stores in UK
48
Production of Walmart
import resources from africa companeis for cheaper production, cheap labour in Bangladesh
49
Positive effects of TNC
new jobs created and invest in sustainable development donation to improve health in country based
50
Negative effescts on TNC
smaller shops closed due to competition unequal wages takes up lots of land
51
A farm or agricultural system
Dambulla
52
Inputs of Dambulla
land of 2 hectares oxen manure for fertilisers no machinery or child labour rich clay and loam soils rainfall about 1,000 mm about 25 degree of temp
53
Processes of Dambulla
ploughing of oxen picking and planting
54
Outputs of Dambulla
cabbage, chillies, bananas, sweet potatoes
55
A country or region suffering from a food shortage
South Sudan
56
Imformation nabout South Sudan
landlock country in Africa a population of 12.6 million and 22 people per km ^2
57
Effects of the food shortage
40% of the population is short of food 70,000 die from hunger and diseases decline of rainfall increased use of land leading to degradation
58
Cause of the food shortage
Drought is the main reasonbecause it lies 15 degree north at the equator pests and weather fails crop diseased water and inflation of food prices due to drought and poor ground high population growth leads to overgrazing and land erosion import from uganda is expensive high military spendign of $1 billion limited access to food because of 50 year civil war
59
Solution to help food shortage
UN food programmes and Red cross emergency delivering and air dropping food
60
An Industrial Zone
Cambridge Science Park in London
61
Cambridge Science Park in London
largest commercial park fro reasearch and developement
62
Factors that influence the location of CSP
good road links to London direct train link towards london useful for Cambridge University
63
Benefit of growth of the Park
employing more workers higher GDP since ppl are havign higher salaries
64
problems caused by CSP
increased congestion in the city local residents have high competition getting employed meanign many local will be unemployed
65
An area where tourism is important
Jamaica
66
About Jamaica
population of 2.89 million and 266.9 peoople per km^2 famous tourist destination because of climate with 10 hours of sunlight a day
67
What make Jamaica attractive
high accessibility with plenty of airport arlines flight all over diving Negril Bay which is 7 mile long beach large biodiversity and cockpit caves Blue Mountains
68
Impacts of the tourism
24% relies on incoem mof total gdp created new jobs, estimated employemnt of 90,000 funding of social projects for developing roads and telecommunications
69
Negatives of the tourism
inappropriate behaviior of tourists and heavu uses of resources loss of heritage and tradition
70
Energy supply in a country or area
Germany
71
Energy supply in Germany
82.8 million population largest consumer of elctricity in Europe 3 major power stations RIver Elbes RIver coast Ems RIver Necktar main sources are coal, nuclear and gas - nonrenewble 16% renewable produces energy through coal-fired power station
72
Advantages/disadvantages of coal-fired station
a - efficient to movee oil and gas via pipelines d - loads of air pollution
73
Advantages/disadvantages of nuclear power station
a - onlysmall amount of unranuim is neede to produce d - radioactive waste is hard to dispose of
74
Water supplu in a country or area
Lesotho
75
Info about Lesotho
landlocked country encricle by South Africa land area of 30,355 km ^2 with a population of 2.2 million and population density of 68 people per km^2
76
Water supply in Lesotho
Main sources come from ground and surface water used for municipal,industrial, and agricultural use
77
Water amount of bothground and surface water
surface - 5m^3 ground - 1m^3 per year of internal renewable water sources
78
The Lesotho highlands water project
water supply project with hydropower component stored water form highlands of lesothoand piped into south africa as only 83% of the population have clean water phase one done phase two continuing
79
An industrial zone or factory
International Industrial Business Zone
80
location and facts of IIBZ
located in India flat land, tropical savannah climate 16 and 36 temp
81
factors that influence the location of IIBZ
close to airport 1 km away from train station 500 nearby ICT companies flat land and recieves foreign investment in high ICT cheap labour
82
Benefits of the IIBZ
increased employement rate new sky scrapers leads to increased demand for apartments
83
Negatives of IIBZ
population increase from countryside follow bby traffic congestions, about 5 million vehicle blocking roads Large garbage problem only a thid is recycled unavailability of clean water
84
An area where economic developement is taking place and is at risk
Lesotho Highlands
85
Water activity in Lesotho Highlands
Water activity is in the East where rainfall falls over 1,000 mm. The economy activity is growing 5% anually. The Katse Dam is built 710 m wide
86
employment in the Lesotho Highland
75% are subsistence farmers 15% are unemployed
87
Risk of the enviroment of the water activity
houses of 7 different villages near the dam were damanged by earthquakes Ruined 100 km of tarred road shows sign of cracks
88
Solutions to The water activity
Botanical garden to reserve 150 species and promote enjoyment and knowledge of the alphine flat fish numbers are monitored

IGCSE geography exam (1 decks)

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