Case Roundup

Question 1

what is the lifetime incidence of major depressive disorder

Answer 1

15-20%

Question 2

what is the % of people diagnosed with OCD

Answer 2

2%

Question 3

what is the point prevalence of GAD

Answer 3

5%

Question 4

what is the lifetime incidence of schizophrenia

Answer 4

1%

Question 5

give the t1/2 of lithium and the time taken to reach steady state

Answer 5

24 hours, therefore time taken to reach Cpss is 4-5 t1/2, which is 5 days

Question 6

give 4 potential adverse drug reactions associated with clozapine

Answer 6

• blood dyscrasias
• weight gain
• NMS
• hyperglycaemia
• blood pressure changes

Question 7

explain how a long acting injection of risperidone is able to provide sustained action

Answer 7

1. formulated as micrometer sized biodegradable poly microspheres which are loaded with risperidone and suspended in sterile saline
2. upon injection, the microspheres begin to absorb water almost immediately, leading to swelling of microspheres
3. this process begins a phase in which a small amount of medication at the surface of the microspheres is released
4. over time, water slowly breaks down the polymer structure allowing medication release and resulting in a sustained supply of medication
5. the polymer matrix eventually breaks down and is eliminated from the body as CO2 and water

Question 8

why is clozapine not given as depot injection

Answer 8

because of the risk of neutropenia and agranulocytosis

Question 9

what are the different rating scales used for diagnosis

Answer 9

1. MADRS
2. BDI
3. HAM-D for depression
4. HAM- A for anxiety