Case 5 Flashcards
Give an example of a thrombolytic drug, why it is used and what stroke type it cannot be used for?
Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), given intravenously to break up clots and restore blood flow, should not be given in the case of hemaorrhagic strokes.
What is mechanical thromboectomy?
The clot is physically removed, usually used in cases where tPA hasn’t been effective.
What is the NIH stroke assessment scale?
Evalutes neurological status of acute stroke patients, helps predict lesion size. 11 items, each scoring between 0-4. Overall 0-4 indicate no stroke, 1-4 minor, 5-15 moderate, 16-20 moderate to severe, 21-24 severe.
What is generalised anxiety disorder (GAD)?
Ongoing anxiety and worry about events or thoughts that are excessive.
Prevelence of GAD?
1-5%, more common in men, onset most common in 20s.
What can cause GAD?
Genetic factor, long-term substance abuse or alcohol use, major life changes.
What has GAD been linked to?
Disrupted functional connectivity of the amygdala.
How does sensory information enter the amygdala?
Basolateral complex
What does the basolateral complex do in the amygdala?
Processes sensory-related fear memories and communicates their threat importance.
What are the two GABA receptors?
GABAa and GABAb.
What is the GABAa receptor made up of?
A trans-membrane, ligand-gated ion channel receptor, made up of 5 sub-units.
What happens when GABA binds to a receptor?
Binds to a binding pocket between the alpha and beta subunit, causing a Cl- influx into the neuron, leading to hyperpolarisation and decreased chance of action potential.
