Case 3: Carcinomas Flashcards
Where do basal cell carcinomas develop a malignancy?
Basal layer of epidermis
What do BCC look like?
Shiny, firm, pearly nodule w/ superficial telangiectasia, “rodent ulcer”
Where is BCC most commonly located?
Lower eyelid or medial canthus
What is the most common type of skin cancer in the US?
BCC
What is the MC type of eyelid malignancy?
BCC
Do BCC commonly metastasize?
No
SCCs are a malignancy of what layer of the epidermis?
Spinosum
What do SCCs look like?
Erythematous plaque that appears rough, scaly, and/or ulcerated, may be flat or elevated, commonly located on lower eyelid or eyelid margin
Sebaceous gland carcinomas are malignancies of what?
Sebaceous glands (meibomian glands or glands of Zeis)
What do sebaceous gland carcinomas look like?
Yellow, hard tumor on the upper eyelid that causes madarosis & thickened red eyelid margins
Eyelid lesions > ____ cm are assoc w/ 60% mortality rate
2
Eyelid lesions > ____ mo sx are assoc w/ 38% mortality rate
6
Malignant melanomas have what 3 things?
- irregular borders 2. uneven pigment 3. rapid growth
SCC & BCC are both assoc w/ chronic exposure to what?
UV light esp UV B
25% of cases of actinic keratosis develop into _____
SCC
Eyelid malignancies can metastasize to nearby organs by passing thru what lymph nodes?
Preauricular and/or submandibular
What are 4 early signs of keratoconus?
- Fleischer’s ring (iron deposits w/i the cornea at the base of the cone) 2. scissors reflex on ret 3. irregular mires on keratometry 4. inf steepening of cornea on corneal topo
What are 3 late signs of keratoconus?
- Vogt’s striae (vertical lines w/i deep corneal stroma) 2. Munson’s sugn (protrusion of the lower eyelid on down gaze) 3. Hydrops (corneal epithelial edema due to tears in Descemet’s membrane)
