Case 21 Study Guide Flashcards
What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data?
Qualitative data is descriptive (color, size, texture) quantitative data measures using numbers. Open parentheses height, weight, mass)
What is skepticism and important part of science?
It allows for the formation of new theories by considering other explanations for the data. Example police officers are skeptical with the evidence so they don’t rule out any possible solutions to a crime (leads to new investigations)
What is an inference?
Inference is a conclusion based on prior knowledge observation is information gathered through the senses. Examples the grass is wet (observation) it rained last night (inference)
Explain what it means to analyze the data?
Find patterns in the data and list them in order (smallest to biggest) in relationship to the independent and dependent variable
When should I scientist revise their conclusion?
When their data is not repeatable.
How can technology affects scientific knowledge?
Technology advances scientific knowledge. For example, improvements to the microscope have lead to new discoveries.
What are the formulas for speed and acceleration?
Speed equals distance /time, acceleration equals (final speed - initial speed) /time
What determines if an object is in motion?
Change in position
What are three ways and object can accelerate?
Speed up, slow down, change direction
Newtons first law
Law of inertia an object at rest or in motion will stay at rest or in motion until an unbalanced force is applied
Newtons second law math law (F = MA)
An object will accelerate in the direction the net force is applied
Newtons third law action/reaction
For every action there’s an equal and opposite reaction
What is inertia?
Tendency of an object to resist a change in motion
What is the formula for newtons second law?
F = ma
force = mass X
Acceleration, or a =F/M
What type of current does the power grid use? Explain why
AC current because the voltage can be increased and decreased to travel long distances and move in both directions
Explain the functions of each of the following parts of the power grid: substation, transformer, generator, turbine, powerlines.
Substation – step up voltage for long distances, transformer – decrease voltage before entering home, generator – produce electricity, turbine – spans the generator, powerlines – carry electricity long distances
Identify four most common renewable resources and one most common non-renewable resource used to generate electricity.
Renewable – solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal. Non-renewable – fossil feels (coal, or oil, natural gas)
What are the products of combustion?
Carbon dioxide and water vapor
Name three gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect.
Carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor
Of these three which one seems to have the biggest impact on temperature increases in our atmosphere?
Carbon dioxide
What to activities have caused the largest increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere in over the last 100 years?
Burning fossil fuels
Describe the importance of carbon/oxygen cycle.
Photosynthesis and respiration cycle oxygen/carbon through the atmosphere.
What type of energy sources can generate electricity without burning a fuel source?
Wind, solar and hydroelectric (renewable)
What can we do to reduce the effects of global warming?
Drive less, turn off lights, use less electricity, recycle, decreased dependency on fossil fuels, plant more trees
What is the purpose of Ozone and what caused the hole in it?
ozone protects us from UV radiation and CFCs put a hole in it
How does air pressure relate to wind speed?
When air pressure decreases, wind speed increases
What happens to the density of air when it cools?
It increases, which makes it sink
Describe an air mass that forms over each of the following locations. Canada, Gulf of Mexico, North Pacific ocean
Canada: cold and dry, golf of Mexico: warm and humid, North Pacific ocean: cold and humid
What do each of the following measure: anemometer, barometer, hygrometer?
Anemometer – wind speed, barometer – air pressure, hygrometer – humidity
What type of weather is associated with a high ( H) pressure system? Explain why.
Clear and sunny skies because moisture cannot rise to condense
What type of weather is associated with a low (L) pressure system? Explain why.
Clouds, rain, maybe thunderstorms because moisturizes to condense
