Case 21 Study Guide

Question 1

What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data?

Answer 1

Qualitative data is descriptive (color, size, texture) quantitative data measures using numbers. Open parentheses height, weight, mass)

Question 2

What is skepticism and important part of science?

Answer 2

It allows for the formation of new theories by considering other explanations for the data. Example police officers are skeptical with the evidence so they don’t rule out any possible solutions to a crime (leads to new investigations)

Question 3

What is an inference?

Answer 3

Inference is a conclusion based on prior knowledge observation is information gathered through the senses. Examples the grass is wet (observation) it rained last night (inference)

Question 4

Explain what it means to analyze the data?

Answer 4

Find patterns in the data and list them in order (smallest to biggest) in relationship to the independent and dependent variable

Question 5

When should I scientist revise their conclusion?

Answer 5

When their data is not repeatable.

Question 6

How can technology affects scientific knowledge?

Answer 6

Technology advances scientific knowledge. For example, improvements to the microscope have lead to new discoveries.

Question 7

What are the formulas for speed and acceleration?

Answer 7

Speed equals distance /time, acceleration equals (final speed - initial speed) /time

Question 8

What determines if an object is in motion?

Answer 8

Change in position

Question 9

What are three ways and object can accelerate?

Answer 9

Speed up, slow down, change direction

Question 10

Newtons first law

Answer 10

Law of inertia an object at rest or in motion will stay at rest or in motion until an unbalanced force is applied

Question 11

Newtons second law math law (F = MA)

Answer 11

An object will accelerate in the direction the net force is applied

Question 12

Newtons third law action/reaction

Answer 12

For every action there’s an equal and opposite reaction

Question 13

What is inertia?

Answer 13

Tendency of an object to resist a change in motion

Question 14

What is the formula for newtons second law?

Answer 14

F = ma
force = mass X
Acceleration, or a =F/M

Question 15

What type of current does the power grid use? Explain why

Answer 15

AC current because the voltage can be increased and decreased to travel long distances and move in both directions

Question 16

Explain the functions of each of the following parts of the power grid: substation, transformer, generator, turbine, powerlines.

Answer 16

Substation – step up voltage for long distances, transformer – decrease voltage before entering home, generator – produce electricity, turbine – spans the generator, powerlines – carry electricity long distances

Question 17

Identify four most common renewable resources and one most common non-renewable resource used to generate electricity.

Answer 17

Renewable – solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal. Non-renewable – fossil feels (coal, or oil, natural gas)

Question 18

What are the products of combustion?

Answer 18

Carbon dioxide and water vapor

Question 19

Name three gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect.

Answer 19

Carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor

Question 20

Of these three which one seems to have the biggest impact on temperature increases in our atmosphere?

Answer 20

Carbon dioxide

Question 21

What to activities have caused the largest increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere in over the last 100 years?

Answer 21

Burning fossil fuels

Question 22

Describe the importance of carbon/oxygen cycle.

Answer 22

Photosynthesis and respiration cycle oxygen/carbon through the atmosphere.

Question 23

What type of energy sources can generate electricity without burning a fuel source?

Answer 23

Wind, solar and hydroelectric (renewable)

Question 24

What can we do to reduce the effects of global warming?

Answer 24

Drive less, turn off lights, use less electricity, recycle, decreased dependency on fossil fuels, plant more trees

Question 25

What is the purpose of Ozone and what caused the hole in it?

Answer 25

ozone protects us from UV radiation and CFCs put a hole in it

Question 26

How does air pressure relate to wind speed?

Answer 26

When air pressure decreases, wind speed increases

Question 27

What happens to the density of air when it cools?

Answer 27

It increases, which makes it sink

Question 28

Describe an air mass that forms over each of the following locations. Canada, Gulf of Mexico, North Pacific ocean

Answer 28

Canada: cold and dry, golf of Mexico: warm and humid, North Pacific ocean: cold and humid

Question 29

What do each of the following measure: anemometer, barometer, hygrometer?

Answer 29

Anemometer – wind speed, barometer – air pressure, hygrometer – humidity

Question 30

What type of weather is associated with a high ( H) pressure system? Explain why.

Answer 30

Clear and sunny skies because moisture cannot rise to condense

Question 31

What type of weather is associated with a low (L) pressure system? Explain why.

Answer 31

Clouds, rain, maybe thunderstorms because moisturizes to condense