Case 10 - Pneumonia

Question 1

Viruses etiology for all age pneumonia

Answer 1

RSV - respiratory syncytial virus
adenovirus
influenza
parainfluenza
ECHO - enteric cytopathic human orphan virus
coxsackie virus

Question 2

Etiology for Newborn pneumonia

Answer 2

Enterobacteriaceae
Group B streptococcus
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
Listeria monocytogenes
Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 3

Viruses etiology for Newborn pneumonia

Answer 3

HSV - Herpes simplex enterovirus
RSV - respiratory syncytial virus

Question 4

Etiology for 1-5 years old pneumonia

Answer 4

adenovirus
Rhinovirus
RSV - respiratory syncytial virus
influenza
parainfluenza
Pneumonococcus
Haemophilus influenzae

Question 5

Etiology for older than 5 years old pneumonia

Answer 5

Mycoplasma pneumnoiae

Question 6

Etiology for Pneumonia in intubated patient

Answer 6

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
fungal species (Candida)
Aspergillus
Varicella-zoster
Cytomegalovirus
Legionella pneumophila

Question 7

Treatment for bacterial Newborn pneumonia

Answer 7

Ampicillin + gentamicin or cefotaxime

Question 8

Treatment for viral Newborn pneumonia

Answer 8

Acyclovir

Question 9

Treatment for mycoplasma & typical bacteria

Answer 9

Macrolides - azithromycin or cephalosporins (ceftriaxone or cefuroxime)

Question 10

Treatment for mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer 10

Isoniazid
Rifampin
pyrazinamide
ethambutol added if drug resistant

Question 11

Test for mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer 11

PPD - purified protein derivative, 5mm considered as positive at 48-72 hours
acid-fast bacilli for stain and culture