CAS Abdomen, Pelvis & Perineum 1 Flashcards
What are the 3 parts of the abdomen called from the top to bottom?
Epigastric, Umbilical, Suprapubic
What are sides next to the epigastric region called?
Right and Left hypochondriac
What are the 2 sides of the Umbilical region called?
Left and Right flank
What are the 2 sides called that lie beside the Suprapubic region called?
Left and Right Groin
Name the nine regions of the abdomen
Right and left hypochondrium, Epigastric region
Right and left flank, Umbilical region
Right and left groin, Suprapubic region
How many quadrants are there in the abdomen?
4
What structures lie in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen?
Liver and Gallbladder
What structures lie in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen
Diaphragm Spleen and Stomach
What structures lie in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen
Ascending colon, Anterior superior iliac spine
What structures lie in the left lower quadrant?
Descending colon, sigmoid colon
What does the abdominal aorta bifurcate into?
Common iliac artery
Which ribs do the kidneys lie lateral to
12th rib
How many planes are there in the abdomen? Name them
4 Planes
Transpyloric plane, L1, End of ninth rib
Subcostal Plane, L3, Lower edge of 10th costal cartilage
Supracristal Plane, L4, Highest point of iliac crest
Intertubercle Plane, L5, Tubercle of the iliac crest
Where does the umbilicus lie? Which planes lie above and below it
L3/4
Above: Subcostal
Below: Supracristal
What does the Midinguinal Point lie between
ASIS and pubic symphysis
Name the dermatomes for each of these regions:
Epigastric, Umbilical, Groin and the Perineal/ External Genitalia
Epigastric- T7/T8
Umbilical- T10
Groin-T12/L1
Perineal- L1-L2 and S2-S4
What position should the patient be lying in for abdominal examination?
Lie fast and supine position
What can be the cause of tenderness of the abdomen be due to on palpation
Peritonis or anxiety
Why do we auscultate the abdomen
To hear bowel sounds and vascular bruits
What comes first when examining the abdomen…. palpation, auscultation, or percussion?
Auscultation
How long to you listen to bowel sounds?
60 second
2 minutes for the conclusion that bowel sounds are absent
