Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EAS 221 > Cartographic Principles & Map Projections > Flashcards

Cartographic Principles & Map Projections Flashcards

1
Q

What a projected coordinate system?

A

It converts locations on the Earth’s curved surface onto a flat surface.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the three types of projection?

A

Cylindrical, conical, and azimuthal/

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the characteristics of a cylindrical projection?

A

Can be “unrolled” into a flat plane without folding, tearing, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a characteristic of a conical projection?

A

It can be curved, but only in one direction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What kind of projection stays true to the earth’s axis of rotation?

A

Normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What known as a transverse projection?

A

One with a developed surface axis that runs perpendicular to the earths axis of rotation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is known as a tangent projection?

A

One in which the developable surface touches, but doesn’t intersect the Earth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is known as a secant projection?

A

One in which the developable surface intersects the surface.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the two radians?

A

Longitude and latitude (x,y)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does map projection actually work?

A

Input unprotected
(lat/long), apply a pair of functions (x,y), and output a position in projected coordinates.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How does one minimize distortions which is characteristic of maps?

A

By using compromising projections that attempt to balance properties.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the three types of compromise projections?

A

ConFORMAL, equal-area, equiDISTANT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where is distortion seen in an equal area projection?

A

Shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where is distortion seen in a conformal projection?

A

Area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a Mercator projection classified as?

A

A conformal normal cylindrical projection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where does a Mercator projection distort?

A

At the polls where spacing of parallels increase.

17
Q

What are known as rhumb lines?

A

Lines of constant bearing

18
Q

What are the characteristics of a gnomic projection?

A

Azimuthal (causes distortion in everything), straight lines depict great circles (makes it good for aviation)

19
Q

What is a lambert conformal conic projection good for?

A

Large east-west extents in mid-latitudes, w latitudinal range less than 35 degrees.

20
Q

What applications are conformal projections best for?

A

Cadasters, topographic maps, weather, and military.

21
Q

What are equal-area projections best applied for?

A

Land-use and density/concentration.

22
Q

What kind of projections are best for tropic areas of N-S extent?

A

Cylindrical

23
Q

What kind of projections are best for mid latitude areas of E-W extent?

A

Conical

24
Q

What kind of projections are best for the polar regions?

A

Azimuthal

25
Q

What is georeferencing?

A

The process of defining position w respect to a reference frame (also known as geo coding or geolocating)

26
Q

What are the requirements of georeferencing?

A

Uniqueness (1 coord. per location), interoperability (shared meaning among users), and persistence (does not req frequent updates)

27
Q

What are the two types of metric (coordinate system) georeferencing?

A

Geographic Coordinate System (locations on a sphere) and Projected Coordinate System (locations on a plane)

28
Q

What is the Universal Transverse Mercator?

A

Not strictly a projection rather, a coordinate system based on a series of Transverse Mercator projections.

29
Q

What’s the difference between the transverse Mercator and universal transverse Mercator?

A

Transverse uses tangent lines and universal uses lines of secancy

30
Q

What are the characteristics of the UTM system?

A

Earth is divided into 60 zones with 6 degrees of longitude wide that are labeled from 1 to 60 starting from the international date line, each zone has a central n-s meridian and they are divided into letter zones

31
Q

What does the UTM coordinate system consist of?

A

Zones w their own coordinate system in meters defined by an x coordinate (wasting),a y coordinate (northing), and an origin.

32
Q

What is an origin?

A

It’s the intersection of equator and central meridian.

33
Q

What is known as a false easting?

A

When the central meridian gives an arbitrary x value of 500,000

34
Q

What is a graticule?

A

A grid of mapped latitude and longitude lines.

35
Q

What is known as geodesy?

A

The study of the shape of the earth

36
Q

What is a geoid?

A

An equi-potential gravitational surface that is not measured nor regular.

37
Q

What is known as an ellipsoid?

A

Similar to a geoid but flat and constant

38
Q

What is known as the datum?

A

The coordinate system defined by an ellipsoid positioned w respect to the earth

EAS 221 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions