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Zoology > cartilaginous fish > Flashcards

cartilaginous fish Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five different types of fish we learn about?

A

lampreys, paddlefish, sturgeon, gars, and bowfins

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2
Q

primitive fish without jaws or paired fins and have skeleton made out of cartilage

A

lampreys

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3
Q

can be identified by their disc-shaped mouth and whorls of raspy teeth

A

lampreys

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4
Q

have seven round hole-like spiracles instead of gills

A

lampreys

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5
Q

larvae of these fish lack eyes and have slits instead of spiracles

A

lampreys

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6
Q

oklahoma has how many species of lamprey that are indistinguishable as larvae

A

2

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7
Q

what are these two species of lamprey

A

southern brook and chestnut

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8
Q

Oklahoma lampreys spend part of their lives as ______

A

Larvae

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9
Q

Lampreys feed on _______ ________ and ________

A

Microscopic life and detritus

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10
Q

Which kind of lamprey becomes parasitic as an adult and attaches itself to a host fish to suck it’s blood

A

Chestnut

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11
Q

What kind of lamprey does not eat after maturing into an adult and will spawn the following spring, dying shortly after

A

Southern brook

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12
Q

What fish has a long oar or spoon-like bill?

A

Paddlefish

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13
Q

Describe the paddlefish skin

A

Smooth scaleless

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14
Q

Describe the paddlefish tail

A

Broad shark like

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15
Q

During the spring paddlefish males develop sand papery like bumps called ___________ on their heads and backs

A

Breeding tubercles

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16
Q

Paddlefish have wide gaping ______ and toothbrush like ________ in the gills

A

Mouths and bristles

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17
Q

When they swim through the water they have their ______ open to do what?

A

Mouths// filter feed on small microscopic plankton

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18
Q

Paddlefish bills are covered with ______ that are very sensitive to weak electric currents and help detect their food

A

Sensors

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19
Q

What two fish don’t look like any other oklahoma fish?

A

Shovel nose sturgeon and paddlefish

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20
Q

These fish have a triangular, spade shaped head

A

Shovelnose sturgeon

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21
Q

Shovel nose sturgeon have 4 ________________ in a straight line directly in front of their mouth

A

Sensory barbels

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22
Q

Shovelnose sturgeons have _________ mouths and their lips have a _________ appearance that isn’t seen on any other oklahoma fish

A

Extendable// scalloped or cookie cutter

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23
Q

Shovelnose sturgeons have bodies covered with hard, sharp plates called ______

A

Scutes

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24
Q

__________ is a species of special concern and ARE NOT good to eat

A

sturgeon

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25
Q

Why have sturgeon population declined?

A

Dams blocked their migrations and spawning routes

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26
Q

How many gars did we learn about and what are their names?

A

2// alligator and long nose

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27
Q

Long nose gars are easily identified by what?

A

Their long, slender, toothy snout

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28
Q

Gars are covered with tough impenetrable diamond-shaped scales called…

A

Ganoid scales

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29
Q

Long nose gars have find with a ______________ tint

A

Yellow or orange

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30
Q

What fish has scattered weak spots on its body and faint spots on its head

A

Longnose gar

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31
Q

Long nose gars are often ________ for long periods of time and can blend well with

A

Motionless// brushes and branches

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32
Q

Longnose gars have a _______ ______ that allows them to gulp air and survive in water with low dissolved oxygen levels

A

Primitive lung

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33
Q

What are one of Oklahoma’s fastest growing fish and how fast do they grow

A

Long nose gar// one inch per week during warm months

34
Q

What type of gar has a whip-like flagellum and dark lateral stripes

A

Juvenile gar

35
Q

Oklahoma’s largest fish is _________ and they can reach______ feet long and nearly_____ pounds

A

Alligator gar //7 and a half/// 200

36
Q

What are alligator gars identified by

A

Short board, alligator like snout

37
Q

How many rows of large teeth do alligator gars have on their top jaw and what other gar has them

A

Two// short nose gar but the teeth are smaller

38
Q

Alligator gars have __________ bodies and paired ___ without spots

A

Unspotted bodies// fins

39
Q

Alligator gar are sometimes seen as _________ but in fact they eat mostly ___________ and often feed by __________

A

“Trash fish” // rough fish // scavenging

40
Q

In Oklahoma these species are a special concern and their #s are shrinking

A

Alligator gar

41
Q

The bowfin is also called a _____ _______ because it has outlived dinosaurs. It mainly feeds on other _____ and _________

A

“Living fossil” // fish // crayfish

42
Q

What fish has a long, thick, eel-like appearance with a _______ tail and a long, undulating dorsal reaching nearly to its tail

A

Bowfin // rounded

43
Q

The bowfin head is _____ and ___________ with 2 small appendages called ______ on the upper jaw near its nostrils

A

Blunt // snake-like // nares

44
Q

The bowfin has ________ jaws and ________ teeth

A

Strong // sharp

45
Q

The bowfin is strictly a ________ species and is often found in heavy __________

A

Lowland // vegetation

46
Q

In Oklahoma, bowfins are found mainly in southern proportions of….

A

Choctaw and McCurtain counties

47
Q

A flathead is a large ________ _______.

A

Growing catfish

48
Q

What fish has a broad, unforked, square tail, a large mouth spanning the width of the head, mottled coloration and a flat, sloping head

A

Flathead catfish

49
Q

The flathead catfish can adjust _________ to match it’s ___________

A

Coloration // surroundings

50
Q

This fish can be called “yellow cat” “mud cat” or “Opelousas catfish”

A

Flathead catfish

51
Q

A flathead spawns in ______ with males aggressively guarding the eggs and fry

A

Cavities

52
Q

The flathead is a strict _________ and will eat any live food that can fit in its mouth

A

Canivore

53
Q

The black bullhead looks like yellow bullheads but can be distinguished by …….

A

Dark chin whiskers and 17-21 anal fin rays

54
Q

Is a black bullhead’s tail square or forked

A

Square

55
Q

The name “mudcat” can also refer to …

A

Black bullheads

56
Q

A mature black bullhead will have a _______ ________ at the base of its tail

A

White crescent

57
Q

Black bullheads are often reported to lack ________ __________ fins

A

Serrated pectoral

58
Q

The most common and widespread catfish in oklahoma

A

Channel catfish

59
Q

Where can channel catfish be found

A

Ponds, lakes, rivers, streams

60
Q

The channel catfish is quite ________ and does well in which kind of waters? Clear or turbid

A

Adaptable // both clear and turbid waters

61
Q

Young channel catfish can be easily identified by their ………………….. On their sides

A

Black spots or speckles

62
Q

Channel catfish often lack ______ but look like a __________

A

Spots // blue catfish

63
Q

The anal fin of a channel catfish has more of a _________ fin than in a blue catfish

A

Rounded

64
Q

Around how many rays does a channel catfish contain?

A

24-29

65
Q

The appearance of a channel catfish depends on what 5 things

A

Age, sex, time of year, water clarity, and if it lives in calm or flowing water

66
Q

The largest catfish in North America is what?

A

Blue catfish

67
Q

The blue catfish has what type of tail?

A

Deeply forked

68
Q

The blue catfish lacks ______ on its body

A

Spots

69
Q

This fish is often deep bodied with long, steeply sloping foreheads that can give it a “hump-back” appearance

A

Blue catfish

70
Q

The blue catfish anal fin is _______ and ___________ than in a channel catfish

A

Longer // straighter

71
Q

The color of the blue catfish (light or dark) depends on what 3 things

A

Habitat, gender, and time of year

72
Q

The blue catfish can often be caught in __________ water

A

Shallow

73
Q

Striped bass have __ separate dorsal fins and about _ to _ black lines along their sides

A

Two // six to eight

74
Q

Most of the lines on a striped bass are _________ and ________

A

Straight and unbroken

75
Q

What fish has two distinct, parallel tooth patches

A

Striped bass

76
Q

Striped bass thrive in what areas?

A

Lake Texoma, Red and Arkansas Rivers

77
Q

Striped bass can lives their whole lives in __________

A

Freshwater

78
Q

White bass look very similar to what other fish? And what is similar

A

Striped bass // 2 separate dorsal fins and black lines along the sides

79
Q

What is unique about white bass?

A

Conjoined tooth patch with a weak division between the two sides

80
Q

The line going towards the belly of the white bass become….

A

Fewer or less pronounced

81
Q

What is Oklahoma’s state fish?

A

White bass

Zoology (2 decks)

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