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Histo Cartilage And Bone (me) > Cartilage And Bone > Flashcards

Cartilage And Bone Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following cells is most likely responsible for synthesis of osteoid tissue

A

Osteoblasts

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2
Q

Which process does not occur in adult bones

A

Modeling

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3
Q

Which cell is most likely stimulated by parathyroid hormone

A

Osteoclasts

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4
Q

New bone formed at the fracture site is most likely what kind of bone

A

Woven bone

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5
Q

In response to hypercalcemia, which of the following hormones and cells are most likely to increase in activity

A

Calcitonin

Osteoblasts

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6
Q

During bone remodeling, cells lining the osteons switch from one type to another type. Which of the following switches most likely occurs when a resorption cavity switches to a forming osteon.

A

Osteoclasts to osteoblasts

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7
Q

An excessive production of growth hormone in adult animals is most likely to cause what disease

A

Acromegaly

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8
Q

What cell type is responsible for transporting nutrients from the Haversian canal to the periphery of an osteon

A

Endothelium

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9
Q

Osteoclasts have their origin from

A

Monocytes

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10
Q

Which cell type would line the Haversian canal of a resorption cavity

A

Osteoclasts

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11
Q

Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells of the periosteum will differentiate into what cell at a fracture site if u fail to maintain blood flow

A

Chondroblast

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12
Q

Mesenchymal (stem) cells in the periosteum at a fracture site will differentiate into which of the following cell types if the blood supply is not maintained

A

Chondroblasts

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13
Q

Cartilage is harder than CT due to what

A

chondromucoid matrix

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14
Q

3 types of cartilage

A

hyaline (most prevalent)
elastic
fibrous

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15
Q

which two types of cartilage is surrounded by perichondrium

A

hyaline and fibrous

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16
Q

Where is hyaline cartilage found

A

most long bones in the fetus and young animals
articular cartilage in adult bones
walls of respiratory passages( nose, trachea, larynx, bronchioles )

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17
Q

hyaline cartilage contains what type of collagen

A

type 2 collagen

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18
Q

Two cell types in cartilage

A

Chrondroblasts

Chrondrocyte

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19
Q

This cell type is found in growing cartilage

A

Chrondoblast

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20
Q

Actively forms the matrix of cartilage that surrounds the perimeter of the cell

A

chondroblast

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21
Q

After cartilage formation is complete, the chondroblast becomes a less active cell

A

chondrocyte

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22
Q

chondrocytes lie in a space called a __

A

lacuna

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23
Q

The major cartilage collagen is

A

type 2

24
Q

Where is elastic cartilage located

A

epiglottis, ear, auditory tube

25
Q

you can stain elastic cartilage with what

A

van gieson or weigert elastic stain

26
Q

How is fibrous cartilage similar to dense connective tissue

A

it contains type 1 collagen fibers

27
Q

where is fibrous cartilage found

A

intervertebral disks, pubic symphysis, insertions of some tendons

28
Q

What is the difference between appositional and interstitial growth of cartilage

A

Interstitial is within tissue- results from cell division of preexisting chondrocytes
Appositional growth is on the surface of tissue- chondroblasts deposit collagen or matrix on surface of preexisting cartilage

29
Q

Functions of bone

A

protection, movement, electrolyte balance, blood formation

30
Q

bone forming cell

A

osteoblasts

31
Q

What cell synthesizes osteiod (type 1 collagen and ground substance)

A

osteoblasts

32
Q

osteoblasts differentiate from

A

mesenchymal stem cells

33
Q

osteoprogenitor cells can differentiate into osteoblasts. what stimulates this

A

stress and fractures

34
Q

mature osteoblasts surrounded by their own matrix, enclosed in lacunae.

A

osteocyte

35
Q

function of osteocyte

A

maintain bone density and blood concentration of calcium and phosphate

36
Q

what kind of junctions are present to provide communication between osteocytes

A

gap junctions

37
Q

osteocytes are interconnected by slender channels called

A

canaliculi

38
Q

function of osteoclasts

A

bone resorption and remodeling

39
Q

osteoclasts lie in pits called

A

howship’s lacunae

40
Q

bone grows by interstitial or appositional? why

A

appositional , cells cannot multiply in a calcified matrix

41
Q

compact vs spongy bone

A

compact bone is arranged in haversian systems

spongy bone has a trabecular appearance and found in interior of bone

42
Q

what is the difference between intramembranous and endochondral ossification

A

endochondral- bone develops from a preexisting model of hyaline cartilage

43
Q

this hormone is produced by the anterior pituitary gland, stimulated overall growth of the body, especially that of the epiphyseal plate

A

growth hormone

44
Q

excessive growth hormone during growing years causes what

A

giantism

45
Q

excessive growth hormone during adult years causes

A

acromegaly

46
Q

deficiency of growth hormone during growing years causes

A

dwarfism

47
Q

decrease in bone mass associated with a normal ratio of mineral to matrix results from decreased bone formation, increased bone resorption, or both

A

osteoporosis

48
Q

osteoporosis commonly occurs in:

A

old age, postmenopausal women, and immobile patients

49
Q

results from calcium deficiency in adults ; characterized by deficient calcification of newly formed bone and already formed bone

A

osteomalacia

50
Q

results from calcium deficiency (vitamin d deficiency is the common cause) in children, characterized by deformed epiphyseal plates

A

rickets

51
Q

genetic disorder characterized by heavy bones due to defective osteoclastic activity

A

osteopetrosis

52
Q

What permits connection between the Haversian canal and lacuna ?

A

Canaliculi

53
Q

Epiphyseal plate is also known as

A

Growth plate

54
Q

What are some examples of where Intramembranous ossification happen

A

Flat bones of skull
Pelvic girdle
Part of scapula

55
Q

Growth plates are only in

A

Immature animals

56
Q

Different zones of the epiphyseal(growth) plates

A

From epiphysis to diaphysis :
Zone of reserved cartilage (randomly arranged Chondrocytes, no proliferation )
Zone of proliferation (Chondrocytes undergo diffusion and are organized into columns)
Zone of hypertrophy(Chondrocytes and lacunae are enlarged)
Zone of calcification (matrix begins to mineralized,Chondrocytes die)
Zone of ossification (osteoblasts deposit osteoid on cartilage)

Histo Cartilage And Bone (me) (1 decks)

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